{"id":26296,"date":"2025-09-26T22:59:30","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T22:59:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/?page_id=26296"},"modified":"2025-09-27T06:58:25","modified_gmt":"2025-09-27T06:58:25","slug":"climate-biomes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/climate-biomes\/","title":{"rendered":"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-26296\" data-postid=\"26296\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-26296 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-css_id=\"k6a4305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_k6a4305 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_oghe305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_qnnf305 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module fancy heading -->\n<div  class=\"module module-fancy-heading tb_j8v8305  tb_hide_divider\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <h1 class=\"fancy-heading tf_textc\">\n    <span class=\"main-head tf_block\">\n                    Climate &amp; Biomes            <\/span>\n\n    \n    <span class=\"sub-head tf_block tf_rel\">\n                    Latitude &amp; Topography Impacts            <\/span>\n    <\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module fancy heading -->\n<!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_w1ee305 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"o1mi305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_o1mi305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_txkm305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_wt5t305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2a4.jpg\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_n773305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_9ziv305    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3><strong>Climate &amp; Biomes Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ezmf305    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>Explain how sunlight distribution leads to varied ecosystems at different latitudes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Describe the impact of altitude and north vs. south-facing slopes on mountain habitats.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Outline a climate and ecosystem tour from Newport on the Oregon Coast, over the Coastal Range, through the valley, over the Cascades Mountains, and into Eastern Oregon, including rainshadows along the route.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"nz3e305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_nz3e305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_y2zb305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_swgv305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Biomes are ecosystems on a grander scale.\u00a0 For example, Lake Michigan in North America is a freshwater ecosystem, and lakes Michigan, Huron, Erie, Superior, and Ontario together are the Great Lakes biome.\u00a0 Both biome and ecosystem refer to a habitat&#8217;s environmental conditions and organisms.\u00a0 In this section, we&#8217;ll see how various physical factors impact life on land.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"e9v9305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_e9v9305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_1ov9305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_kefn305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">We are starting by defining biomes and how they relate to ecosystems.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_2925305 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/462518005?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"5m4r305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_5m4r305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ilf4305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_qywy305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/climate-small-1-1024x589.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"589\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_a6x1305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_kzch305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Climate differences on Earth&#8217;s surface lead to widely different terrestrial biomes: polar regions, tundra, forests, grasslands, and deserts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Climate is impacted by the amount of direct sunlight and the presence of mountains.\u00a0 We&#8217;ll start with sunlight.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_40rb305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_nz8f305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_hdz7305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Sunlight, Latitudes, &amp; Climate<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"7l7i305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_7l7i305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_janc305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_hxc8305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">This video introduces the impact of sun on biome distribution along latitudes.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_zt7w305 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/462518042?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"fol3305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_fol3305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_xc5u305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_s4lg305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Sunlight hits the Earth&#8217;s surface more directly at the equator.\u00a0 That means in a given area, there is more sunlight hitting the Earth (and ocean) at the equator than the polar regions.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_l3pt305 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_k9mh305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/sun-hits-1024x518.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"518\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"pg7c305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_pg7c305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_iqbj305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_fmkb305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/zones-1024x909.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"909\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_4wk9305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ebbx305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">This creates different temperature zones: tropical as the equator, temperate north and south of the equator, and polar far from the equator.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"kvzx305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_kvzx305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_xzf7305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_xcfq305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">The warmth at the equator creates a continual cycle of evaporation and precipitation.\u00a0 Wind currents that move north and south of the equator cause drier zones approximately 30 degrees north and south.\u00a0 The currents pick up enough moisture to support cold coniferous forests (Boreal taiga) around 60 degrees north latitude.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Can you explain in your own words why there are different biomes at different latitudes?<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ojvk305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-10-14-at-12.04.58-AM-1024x328.png\" width=\"1024\" height=\"328\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"symr305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_symr305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_gtvo305 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_qbui305 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/462506074?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_p1u5305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_hyjq305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>This video contrasts the impact of latitudes with the &#8220;real&#8221; distribution of biomes.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"uxhb305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_uxhb305 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_klyg305 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_zdey305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_dai2305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_2n0c305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Topography &amp; Climate<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"k25p305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_k25p305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_o4p0305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_64qp305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>This video describes how a single mountain can have varied climates.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_p8sr305 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/462527310?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"f9ry305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_f9ry305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_5038305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_l7ia305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-10-14-at-12.05.20-AM.png\" width=\"671\" height=\"438\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_acxk305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_cgcn305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Mountains impact climate, an increase in altitude (height) is similar in moving higher in latitude away from the equator.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"cwow305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_cwow305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_t1lo305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_kbnj305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Mountains can also have different climates on the north and south-facing slopes as well as the east and west-facing coasts.\u00a0<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_bria305 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_t09b305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/biome-patterns-small-3-1024x608.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"608\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"ob7r305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_ob7r305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_7drp305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tnra305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">This video describes why temperature and moisture can be different on south-facing and north-facing slopes of hills and mountains.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_2ule305 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/366148920?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"q09e305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_q09e305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_sv3r305 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_jz0g305\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_e9w6305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_43ur305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/or-map-topo-1-1024x754.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"754\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_sh7b305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_9qrw305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Mountains, valleys, and the ocean impact biome patterns in Oregon.\u00a0 The dramatic range of biome patterns results in many different ecoregions.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"kbgg305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_kbgg305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_mwsy305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_2qt0305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">When you look at a physical map of Oregon, it is clear that there are a variety of terrestrial ecosystems: green forests to sandy deserts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">It is also apparent that these ecosystems are not running along horizontal latitude lines: mountains are having a significant impact on climate and vegetation.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"bfkx305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_bfkx305 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_mjqr305 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"5ip3305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_5ip3305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_wuo9305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_lf8o305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">This video provides an overview of the rainshadow effect, explaining why Corvallis is generally drier in the summers than Newport along the coast.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_6r6b305 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/366148463?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"0nce305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_0nce305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_8io5305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_hc1g305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/rains-a-1024x559.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"559\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_pl86305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_qp76305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Moist and relatively warm air coming off the ocean heads up a mountain.\u00a0 These air currents typically run west to east.\u00a0 As the moist air cools, rain precipitates out on the west-facing side of the mountain.\u00a0 This leaves drier air heading to the east-facing side of the mountain, creating a rainshadow effect on the east side.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"qyj1305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_qyj1305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_lcmr305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bzes305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Oregon has two large mountain ranges, creating two large rainshadows.\u00a0 This video tour through them.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_b7ij305 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/366147712?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"eiim305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_eiim305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_hsgq305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_l21h305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">We have two large mountain ranges in Oregon: the Coastal Range and the Cascades.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Which numbers indicate the location of rainshadows created by these mountain ranges?<\/p>\n<pre style=\"text-align: right;\"><br \/>Answer: 2 &amp; 4<\/pre>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_d011305 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_w0ql305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/or-zones-1024x513.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"513\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"4ltm305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_4ltm305 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_hjej305 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"tph5305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_tph5305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_npba305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_qzi9305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">We are taking a trip across Oregon, starting in Newport Oregon along the Pacific Coast, and then heading east across the Coastal and Cascade mountain ranges.\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">You may be aware that coastal communities like Newport are often moist and mild.\u00a0 Why?<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_xvnt305 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/434744314?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"91kj305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_91kj305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_2i66305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_gazs305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/coast-rainshadow-1024x576.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_5fqc305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_40ji305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Along the Oregon coast, the high moisture keeps temperature relatively constant, with less extreme hot and cold temperatures than other locations at similar latitude.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The mountains rise very close to the ocean, forcing air to rise, cool, and precipitate out fog and rain.\u00a0 Many people escape the dry heat of the Willamette Valley by driving to the coast.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"9wxr305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_9wxr305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_c35c305 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_k3d1305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">The west-facing slope of the coastal range is largely temperate rainforest, moist and cool enough to support moss, ferns, and trees like Sitka Spruce.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Although we are focusing on terrestrial ecosystems here, there are several rivers flowing to the ocean.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_704c305 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_wxiw305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/coastal-forest-1024x686.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"686\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"8z1d305\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_8z1d305 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_cg65305 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_w0pv305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/marys-peak-drive-1024x680.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_jf6v305 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_t48a305   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">The tallest point of the Coastal Range is Mary&#8217;s Peak at 4097 feet.\u00a0 It has a meadow at the peak and trails for hiking.\u00a0 It can have snow for months, and since it is a close drive from Corvallis, many people get a snow pass and visit the peak in the winter months.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"zukd304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_zukd304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_abt5304 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_v611305 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/oak-1024x678.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_je1v304 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_j98n304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">The Willamette Valley is in the rainshadow of the Coastal Range, and even though the winters are wet, the summers can be quite dry.\u00a0 Historically, the valley was oak prairie, wetlands, and coniferous forest.\u00a0 Now, much of the land is converted for agricultural, commercial, and residential use.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"gjo0304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_gjo0304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_l59z304 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_wgn4304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/tree-farm-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_aeeu304\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_lzsj304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Dry summers with cool nights are not optimal for many crops.\u00a0 Two of the primary land uses are growing Christmas trees and grass seed.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_8gpd304 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_dz0f304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/grass-harvest-1024x667.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"667\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"6dfl304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_6dfl304 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_89y0304 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"s3qa304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_s3qa304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_5bbj304 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_pcje304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/cascadia-1024x681.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_08e3304 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tqn8304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">The west-facing slope of the Cascade Mountains has more moisture than the Willamette Valley as the air is rising, cooling, and precipitating.\u00a0 There are matches of temperate rainforest, including Cascadia State Park and Silver Falls.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"l10w304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_l10w304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_hx2q304 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7mfk304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Extensive forests of Douglas Fir and Hemlock are supported by the available moisture.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">This video shows water vapor condensing on the west slopes of the Cascade mountains, right off of route 20.\u00a0 The cloud movement reminded us of a pinching hand.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_l52k304 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_szcm304 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/462281535?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"n7uw304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_n7uw304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_46vl304 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_0abe304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ponderosa-1024x680.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ta8f304 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_mwe3304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">At higher elevations, temperature and moisture drop, and the dominant trees are Ponderosa Pines with their thick puzzle-piece bark.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Above tree-line where moisture and temperature drops significantly, meadows of low-lying plants replace the trees.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"v4a2304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_v4a2304 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ptkz304 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"cd45304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_cd45304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_pg0j304 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_6zwk304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/east-oregon-1-1024x425.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"425\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_rhqc304 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ccwj304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Eastern Oregon is a high desert, high because it is at elevation and can be cold, and a desert due to the rainshadow created by the Cascade Mountains.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"m31x304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_m31x304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_em69304 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_eq9q304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Vegetation includes shrubs, grasses, and wildflowers.\u00a0 Some areas are so dry, vegetation is sparse; crops and livestock are supported by irrigation.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_k692304 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_z8ge304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/high-desert-1-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"ovrz304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_ovrz304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_a4p4304 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_09op304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>This is the end of Guide 2A.\u00a0 The next step is to take the quiz on Canvas and upload your Notes Media Piece.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"r21r304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_r21r304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_8m5b304 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_3b2v304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2a4-1.jpg\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_6e57304 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tlg9304    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5><strong>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/strong><\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_maus304    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>explain how sunlight distribution leads to varied ecosystems at different latitudes?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>describe the impact of altitude and north vs. south-facing slopes on mountain habitats?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>outline a climate and ecosystem tour from Newport on the Oregon Coast, over the Coastal Range, through the valley, over the Cascades Mountains, and into Eastern Oregon, including rainshadows along the route?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"746w304\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_746w304 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle gutter-none tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_cusj304 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_icy5304 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/lithosphere\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_go3d304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Lithosphere Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_lfaw304 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_8wpl304 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/products\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Product-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tswi304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go forward to the Products Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_vhu3304 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_qpax304 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_wcya304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Biosphere Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_dqts304 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #0093af;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_4n9e304   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>Complete all four of these sections before taking the quiz and making your media piece.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_bpdi304\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_8hfj304 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ohw1304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/atmosphere\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Atmosphere\" alt=\"Atmosphere\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/atmosphere\/#\">\n                        Atmosphere                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_tobc304\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_qvqi304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/hydrosphere\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Hydrosphere\" alt=\"Hydrosphere\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/hydrosphere\/#\">\n                        Hydrosphere                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_rd3e304\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_k9l2304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/lithosphere\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Lithosphere\" alt=\"Lithosphere\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/lithosphere\/#\">\n                        Lithosphere                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_qnzp304 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_c7d5304 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Climate &amp; Biomes - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Climate &amp; Biomes - YOU ARE HERE\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Climate & Biomes - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"z5m536\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_z5m536 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top gutter-none tb_col_count_4 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_5ema36 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_m0tm36 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bga336   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 2<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_2z6m36\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_lclt36 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_vt1636   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>2A: Biosphere<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ff7v36\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_aezp36 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/products\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Product-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_k24t36   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Products Information<\/h3>\n<h5>2A: Quiz &amp; Media<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_xmjc36 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_rjrn36 image-top circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_b35z36   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Climate &amp; Biomes Objectives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":26270,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-26296","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"builder_content":"<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<h1>Climate & Biomes<br\/>Latitude & Topography Impacts<\/h1>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2a4.jpg\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<h3><strong>Climate &amp; Biomes Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul> <li><strong>Explain how sunlight distribution leads to varied ecosystems at different latitudes.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Describe the impact of altitude and north vs. south-facing slopes on mountain habitats.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Outline a climate and ecosystem tour from Newport on the Oregon Coast, over the Coastal Range, through the valley, over the Cascades Mountains, and into Eastern Oregon, including rainshadows along the route.<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Biomes are ecosystems on a grander scale.\u00a0 For example, Lake Michigan in North America is a freshwater ecosystem, and lakes Michigan, Huron, Erie, Superior, and Ontario together are the Great Lakes biome.\u00a0 Both biome and ecosystem refer to a habitat's environmental conditions and organisms.\u00a0 In this section, we'll see how various physical factors impact life on land.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">We are starting by defining biomes and how they relate to ecosystems.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/462518005[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/climate-small-1-1024x589.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"589\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Climate differences on Earth's surface lead to widely different terrestrial biomes: polar regions, tundra, forests, grasslands, and deserts.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Climate is impacted by the amount of direct sunlight and the presence of mountains.\u00a0 We'll start with sunlight.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Sunlight, Latitudes, &amp; Climate<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">This video introduces the impact of sun on biome distribution along latitudes.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/462518042[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Sunlight hits the Earth's surface more directly at the equator.\u00a0 That means in a given area, there is more sunlight hitting the Earth (and ocean) at the equator than the polar regions.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/sun-hits-1024x518.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"518\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/zones-1024x909.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"909\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This creates different temperature zones: tropical as the equator, temperate north and south of the equator, and polar far from the equator.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The warmth at the equator creates a continual cycle of evaporation and precipitation.\u00a0 Wind currents that move north and south of the equator cause drier zones approximately 30 degrees north and south.\u00a0 The currents pick up enough moisture to support cold coniferous forests (Boreal taiga) around 60 degrees north latitude.\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Can you explain in your own words why there are different biomes at different latitudes?<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-10-14-at-12.04.58-AM-1024x328.png\" width=\"1024\" height=\"328\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/462506074[\/embed]\n<h5>This video contrasts the impact of latitudes with the \"real\" distribution of biomes.<\/h5>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Topography &amp; Climate<\/h3>\n<p>This video describes how a single mountain can have varied climates.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/462527310[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Screen-Shot-2019-10-14-at-12.05.20-AM.png\" width=\"671\" height=\"438\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Mountains impact climate, an increase in altitude (height) is similar in moving higher in latitude away from the equator.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Mountains can also have different climates on the north and south-facing slopes as well as the east and west-facing coasts.\u00a0<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/biome-patterns-small-3-1024x608.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"608\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">This video describes why temperature and moisture can be different on south-facing and north-facing slopes of hills and mountains.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/366148920[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/or-map-topo-1-1024x754.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"754\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<h5>Mountains, valleys, and the ocean impact biome patterns in Oregon.\u00a0 The dramatic range of biome patterns results in many different ecoregions.<\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">When you look at a physical map of Oregon, it is clear that there are a variety of terrestrial ecosystems: green forests to sandy deserts.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: center;\">It is also apparent that these ecosystems are not running along horizontal latitude lines: mountains are having a significant impact on climate and vegetation.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">This video provides an overview of the rainshadow effect, explaining why Corvallis is generally drier in the summers than Newport along the coast.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/366148463[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/rains-a-1024x559.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"559\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Moist and relatively warm air coming off the ocean heads up a mountain.\u00a0 These air currents typically run west to east.\u00a0 As the moist air cools, rain precipitates out on the west-facing side of the mountain.\u00a0 This leaves drier air heading to the east-facing side of the mountain, creating a rainshadow effect on the east side.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Oregon has two large mountain ranges, creating two large rainshadows.\u00a0 This video tour through them.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/366147712[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">We have two large mountain ranges in Oregon: the Coastal Range and the Cascades.\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Which numbers indicate the location of rainshadows created by these mountain ranges?<\/p> <pre style=\"text-align: right;\"><br \/>Answer: 2 &amp; 4<\/pre>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/or-zones-1024x513.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"513\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">We are taking a trip across Oregon, starting in Newport Oregon along the Pacific Coast, and then heading east across the Coastal and Cascade mountain ranges.\u00a0<\/h5> <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">You may be aware that coastal communities like Newport are often moist and mild.\u00a0 Why?<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/434744314[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/coast-rainshadow-1024x576.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Along the Oregon coast, the high moisture keeps temperature relatively constant, with less extreme hot and cold temperatures than other locations at similar latitude.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">The mountains rise very close to the ocean, forcing air to rise, cool, and precipitate out fog and rain.\u00a0 Many people escape the dry heat of the Willamette Valley by driving to the coast.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">The west-facing slope of the coastal range is largely temperate rainforest, moist and cool enough to support moss, ferns, and trees like Sitka Spruce.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Although we are focusing on terrestrial ecosystems here, there are several rivers flowing to the ocean.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/coastal-forest-1024x686.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"686\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/marys-peak-drive-1024x680.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The tallest point of the Coastal Range is Mary's Peak at 4097 feet.\u00a0 It has a meadow at the peak and trails for hiking.\u00a0 It can have snow for months, and since it is a close drive from Corvallis, many people get a snow pass and visit the peak in the winter months.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/oak-1024x678.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The Willamette Valley is in the rainshadow of the Coastal Range, and even though the winters are wet, the summers can be quite dry.\u00a0 Historically, the valley was oak prairie, wetlands, and coniferous forest.\u00a0 Now, much of the land is converted for agricultural, commercial, and residential use.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/tree-farm-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Dry summers with cool nights are not optimal for many crops.\u00a0 Two of the primary land uses are growing Christmas trees and grass seed.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/grass-harvest-1024x667.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"667\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/cascadia-1024x681.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The west-facing slope of the Cascade Mountains has more moisture than the Willamette Valley as the air is rising, cooling, and precipitating.\u00a0 There are matches of temperate rainforest, including Cascadia State Park and Silver Falls.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Extensive forests of Douglas Fir and Hemlock are supported by the available moisture.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: right;\">This video shows water vapor condensing on the west slopes of the Cascade mountains, right off of route 20.\u00a0 The cloud movement reminded us of a pinching hand.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/462281535[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ponderosa-1024x680.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">At higher elevations, temperature and moisture drop, and the dominant trees are Ponderosa Pines with their thick puzzle-piece bark.\u00a0<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Above tree-line where moisture and temperature drops significantly, meadows of low-lying plants replace the trees.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/east-oregon-1-1024x425.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"425\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Eastern Oregon is a high desert, high because it is at elevation and can be cold, and a desert due to the rainshadow created by the Cascade Mountains.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Vegetation includes shrubs, grasses, and wildflowers.\u00a0 Some areas are so dry, vegetation is sparse; crops and livestock are supported by irrigation.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/high-desert-1-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<h6>This is the end of Guide 2A.\u00a0 The next step is to take the quiz on Canvas and upload your Notes Media Piece.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/2a4-1.jpg\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\">\n<h5><strong>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul> <li><strong>explain how sunlight distribution leads to varied ecosystems at different latitudes?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>describe the impact of altitude and north vs. south-facing slopes on mountain habitats?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>outline a climate and ecosystem tour from Newport on the Oregon Coast, over the Coastal Range, through the valley, over the Cascades Mountains, and into Eastern Oregon, including rainshadows along the route?<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/lithosphere\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Lithosphere Page<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/products\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Product-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go forward to the Products Page<\/h5>\n<h3>Biosphere Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>Complete all four of these sections before taking the quiz and making your media piece.<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/atmosphere\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Atmosphere\" alt=\"Atmosphere\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/atmosphere\/#\"> Atmosphere <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/hydrosphere\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Hydrosphere\" alt=\"Hydrosphere\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/hydrosphere\/#\"> Hydrosphere <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/lithosphere\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Lithosphere\" alt=\"Lithosphere\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/lithosphere\/#\"> Lithosphere <\/a> <\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Climate &amp; Biomes - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Climate &amp; Biomes - YOU ARE HERE\"> <h3> Climate & Biomes - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 2<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\"> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>2A: Biosphere<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/biomes\/biosphere\/products\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Product-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Products Information<\/h3> <h5>2A: Quiz &amp; Media<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\" alt=\"2a4 Climate &#038; Biomes\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26296","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26296"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26296\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26840,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26296\/revisions\/26840"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26270"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26296"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}