{"id":27340,"date":"2025-10-10T13:02:02","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T13:02:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/?page_id=27340"},"modified":"2025-10-10T17:06:05","modified_gmt":"2025-10-10T17:06:05","slug":"reproduction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/reproduction\/","title":{"rendered":"3b4 Reproduction"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-27340\" data-postid=\"27340\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-27340 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-css_id=\"2nag493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_2nag493 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_wlfn493 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_kn1r493 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module fancy heading -->\n<div  class=\"module module-fancy-heading tb_ctl5493  tb_hide_divider\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <h1 class=\"fancy-heading tf_textc\">\n    <span class=\"main-head tf_block\">\n                    Plant Reproduction            <\/span>\n\n    \n    <span class=\"sub-head tf_block tf_rel\">\n                    Asexual &amp; Sexual            <\/span>\n    <\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module fancy heading -->\n<!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_i37c493 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"5oe9493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_5oe9493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_1etp493 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_a4r5493 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4a4.jpg\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_88pi493 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_2qd0493    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3><strong>Plant Reproduction Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_5w7x493    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Describe asexual reproduction and provide examples of plants that can reproduce in this manner.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Label various flower structures and their corresponding functions, including the distinction between <\/strong><strong>wind-pollinated flowers and animal-pollinated flowers.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"79u6493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_79u6493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_kezx493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_6vcz493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Reproduction produces the next generation of a species.\u00a0 In animals, we are primarily only able to reproduce sexually.\u00a0 Many plants can reproduce both sexually (with eggs and pollen) <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">and<\/span> asexually.<\/strong><\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"y6ro493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_y6ro493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_0b5i493 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_62e5493 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1396509965.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ywue493 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_vxmi493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">This is a stem cutting of a Hoya plant that we met early as an example of an epiphyte.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">It was placed in a glass of water and is now sprouting roots.\u00a0 This stem can become a new plant that is genetically identical to the plant the stem came from.\u00a0 In a sense, this is a genetic clone.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"jw9n493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_jw9n493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_6n2n493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_nd5e493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Here the same process is duplicated with a stem from a rosemary plant.\u00a0 A bit of rooting hormone purchased from a local nursery is speeding up production of roots from the cut stem.\u00a0 This is asexual reproduction because it did not involve reproductive structures, and it did not involve different organisms.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_o72a493 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_nad8493 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1127593892.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"7s15493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_7s15493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_oupz493 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_46f0493 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1756064006.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1198\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_k025493 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tc5l493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Spider plants, a common house plant often produce small plantlets asexually.\u00a0 This is the spider plant&#8217;s most common form of reproduction, although it can also reproduce sexually with flowers.\u00a0 The benefit of asexual reproduction is the ease: no need for pollen from one plant to get to the eggs of another.\u00a0 Also, if the parent plant survived in the microhabitat, its clones likely will too.\u00a0 But there are two big downsides as well.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"15nm493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_15nm493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_qx8s493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_du6q493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">The plantlets may complete with each other and the parent plant.\u00a0 Also, all of the plants are similar genetically.\u00a0 Sexual production increases variation as different genetic compositions from from sperm and eggs.\u00a0 A plant virus could wipe out all of these individuals at once.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_a2tj493 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_b1zs493 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1580045401.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1410\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"a0rj493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_a0rj493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_wvvi493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_92a1493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Strawberries have runners, also called stolons.\u00a0 These horizontal stems grow along the ground and asexually produce offspring.\u00a0 These clones are genetically identical to the parent plant.<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">From the video, how can these strawberry plants stabilize soil?<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">There is more on strawberry planting on the lab webpage.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module buttons -->\n<div  class=\"module module-buttons tb_8q90493 buttons-horizontal solid  large circle\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"module-buttons-item tf_in_flx\">\n                        <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plant-structures\/#\" class=\"ui builder_button tf_in_flx yellow\" >\n                                                Plant Structures Lab                                        <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<!-- \/module buttons -->\n<!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_g6le493 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/364198955?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"9wzm493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_9wzm493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_1o5y493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_b3bc493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Strawberry plants like this wild strawberry can also reproduce sexually with insect-pollinated flowers that produce fruit with seeds.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Although some plants like moss and ferns sexually reproduce with spores and gymnosperms develop seeds within cones; most plants are angiosperms that reproduce sexually with flowers.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_8t0e493 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_p729493 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_30590989.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1491\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"zjty493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_zjty493 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_xiy9493 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_xqxf493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_emx6493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_p7rc493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Flowers<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"i8tl493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_i8tl493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_0h0b493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_vy2f493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p><strong>Flowering plant species are classified as A_________.\u00a0 Why are flowers important to plants?\u00a0 If you did not watch this intro video on the <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/field-lab\/flowers\/#\">week 1 Flowers lab page<\/a>, this introduces the significance of flowers.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_00pp493 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430116203?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_xqla493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <pre style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Answer to above questions: Angiosperms; flowers are how plants sexually reproduce.<\/strong><\/pre>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"ko9t493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_ko9t493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_cxio493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_cti5493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Although flowers vary significantly in structure, many share the features in this video.\u00a0 <em>Note: if you did flower structure as part of you flowers lab media piece, these videos may be a refresher.<\/em><\/strong><\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_wa15493 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430493532?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"xpzl493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_xpzl493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_hb83493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_3abo493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Lilies are often used to study flower structures because they are complete or &#8220;perfect&#8221; flowers with all of the basic parts.\u00a0 Lilies are monocot angiosperms, with three petals and three similarly colored sepals.<\/strong><\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_egtg493 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430495765?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_xwvm493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_xjj5493 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_ltko493\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_pxdd493 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_n5i8493 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/flowers-anatomy-1024x807.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"807\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_4nc2493 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_6qsv493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Stamens are the &#8220;male&#8221; reproductive structures of the flower that produce the pollen grains. Each stamen consists of a filament and an anther. The filament is a stalk attached to the anther. The anther is where pollen grains are located. Pollen is the equivalent to sperm in human males.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_8v7h493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_5wdy493 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_9h0c493\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_fv9m493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_qafu493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>The pistil (also called the carpel) is the &#8220;female&#8221; reproductive structure of the flower and is made up of three parts. The stigma is where the pollen grains land. The style is below the stigma and connects it to the ovary. The ovary forms the bottom part of the pistil. Inside the ovary are the ovules and inside the ovules are the eggs which, after fertilization, will result in the ovules developing into seeds. At the same time the ovary will develop into a fruit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_k4j4493 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_u69r493 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/flower-fruit-1024x635.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"635\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"unfi493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_unfi493 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_9p0t493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_78i4493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>To review; after fertilization (pollination), the ovary of the flower becomes the _____ and the ovules become the _____.<\/h5>\n<pre>Answers: fruit; seeds<\/pre>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"2mu7493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_2mu7493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_kjyi493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_u66j493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Variations in flower structures are often used to identify flowers in the field.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><strong>Review your understanding of flower structures with this video.<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>We will have more on the fruits and seeds produced by pollinated flowers in week 5 lab.<\/em><\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_1qmk493 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_e5v0493 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/360846559?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"8qrq493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_8qrq493 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_4deq493 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"7b3c493\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_7b3c493 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_6vhy493 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tatk493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Although many significant crops like soybeans and squash are pollinated by animals, grass plants are wind pollinated.\u00a0 Grasses include corn, wheat and rice.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"p5lo492\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_p5lo492 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_q1ep493 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_b1mn493 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430156902?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_1tut493 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_f9dp493   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Grass Flowers<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\">Grass plants are not pollinated by animals, so they do not need large, colorful, odorous, or nectar-filled\u00a0 flowers.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"apfb492\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_apfb492 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_m9hw492 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_z568492 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/corn-seed-1024x768.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_pk6u492 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ac5g492   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>In a corn plant, a cluster of male flowers is called a tassel. The male flowers produce pollen which is carried by the wind to female flowers. Pollen falls onto the silks of female flowers, which develop into individual corn kernels. Typically the male and female flowers on a single plant mature at different times, to prevent self-pollination.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"97gi492\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_97gi492 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_88o5492 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_groa492   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>We will have more on flowers and pollinators in Module 9.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"mkcz492\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_mkcz492 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_7k1j492 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_5nhy492   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>This is the end of the Plants Guide.\u00a0 This material, along with materials from the Technology Guide and corresponding lectures are on the quiz due by Sunday.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"hmfc492\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_hmfc492 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_gnze492 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_w50r492 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4a4.jpg\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_rvex492 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_kt0u492    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5><strong>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/strong><\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_1wvk492    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>describe asexual reproduction and provide examples of plants that can reproduce in this manner?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>label various flower structures and their corresponding functions, including the distinction between <\/strong><strong>wind-pollinated flowers and animal-pollinated flowers?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"n82d492\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_n82d492 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle gutter-none tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_skxy492 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_lq42492 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/stems-roots\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_fh3n492   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Stems &amp; Roots Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_lqrb492 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_mr6k492 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ip0i492   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Plants Guide Overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_zsay492 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ludc492 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_l9ta492   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Plants Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_7d5g492 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #228b22;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7uvy492   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>This guide and lecture material are assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_r4sy492\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_in8p492 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_e9l8492 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/plant-classification\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Plant Classification\" alt=\"Plant Classification\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/plant-classification\/#\">\n                        Plant Classification                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_h3nr492\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_d41t492 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/leaves\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Leaves\" alt=\"Leaves\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/leaves\/#\">\n                        Leaves                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_qmm1492\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_bsyx492 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/stems-roots\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Stems &amp; Roots\" alt=\"Stems &amp; Roots\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/stems-roots\/#\">\n                        Stems & Roots                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_nkci492 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_beli492 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Plant Reproduction - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Plant Reproduction - YOU ARE HERE\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Plant Reproduction - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"6v6k59\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_6v6k59 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top gutter-none tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_jggv59 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_r6pl59 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tqpc59   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 3<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_ar2y59\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_e6h759 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_m1u559   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>Plants<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_ic7v59 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_purm59 image-top circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_m7a359   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Plant Reproduction Objectives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":27282,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-27340","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"builder_content":"<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<h1>Plant Reproduction<br\/>Asexual & Sexual<\/h1>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4a4.jpg\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<h3><strong>Plant Reproduction Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul> <li> <p><strong>Describe asexual reproduction and provide examples of plants that can reproduce in this manner.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>Label various flower structures and their corresponding functions, including the distinction between <\/strong><strong>wind-pollinated flowers and animal-pollinated flowers.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Reproduction produces the next generation of a species.\u00a0 In animals, we are primarily only able to reproduce sexually.\u00a0 Many plants can reproduce both sexually (with eggs and pollen) and asexually.<\/strong><\/h6>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1396509965.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This is a stem cutting of a Hoya plant that we met early as an example of an epiphyte.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">It was placed in a glass of water and is now sprouting roots.\u00a0 This stem can become a new plant that is genetically identical to the plant the stem came from.\u00a0 In a sense, this is a genetic clone.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Here the same process is duplicated with a stem from a rosemary plant.\u00a0 A bit of rooting hormone purchased from a local nursery is speeding up production of roots from the cut stem.\u00a0 This is asexual reproduction because it did not involve reproductive structures, and it did not involve different organisms.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1127593892.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1756064006.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1198\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Spider plants, a common house plant often produce small plantlets asexually.\u00a0 This is the spider plant's most common form of reproduction, although it can also reproduce sexually with flowers.\u00a0 The benefit of asexual reproduction is the ease: no need for pollen from one plant to get to the eggs of another.\u00a0 Also, if the parent plant survived in the microhabitat, its clones likely will too.\u00a0 But there are two big downsides as well.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">The plantlets may complete with each other and the parent plant.\u00a0 Also, all of the plants are similar genetically.\u00a0 Sexual production increases variation as different genetic compositions from from sperm and eggs.\u00a0 A plant virus could wipe out all of these individuals at once.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1580045401.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1410\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Strawberries have runners, also called stolons.\u00a0 These horizontal stems grow along the ground and asexually produce offspring.\u00a0 These clones are genetically identical to the parent plant.<\/strong><\/h6> <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">From the video, how can these strawberry plants stabilize soil?<\/h6> <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">There is more on strawberry planting on the lab webpage.<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plant-structures\/#\" > Plant Structures Lab <\/a>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/364198955[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Strawberry plants like this wild strawberry can also reproduce sexually with insect-pollinated flowers that produce fruit with seeds.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Although some plants like moss and ferns sexually reproduce with spores and gymnosperms develop seeds within cones; most plants are angiosperms that reproduce sexually with flowers.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_30590989.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1491\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Flowers<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Flowering plant species are classified as A_________.\u00a0 Why are flowers important to plants?\u00a0 If you did not watch this intro video on the <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/field-lab\/flowers\/#\">week 1 Flowers lab page<\/a>, this introduces the significance of flowers.<\/strong><\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430116203[\/embed]\n<pre style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Answer to above questions: Angiosperms; flowers are how plants sexually reproduce.<\/strong><\/pre>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Although flowers vary significantly in structure, many share the features in this video.\u00a0 <em>Note: if you did flower structure as part of you flowers lab media piece, these videos may be a refresher.<\/em><\/strong><\/h6>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430493532[\/embed]\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Lilies are often used to study flower structures because they are complete or \"perfect\" flowers with all of the basic parts.\u00a0 Lilies are monocot angiosperms, with three petals and three similarly colored sepals.<\/strong><\/h6>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430495765[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/flowers-anatomy-1024x807.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"807\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<p>Stamens are the \"male\" reproductive structures of the flower that produce the pollen grains. Each stamen consists of a filament and an anther. The filament is a stalk attached to the anther. The anther is where pollen grains are located. Pollen is the equivalent to sperm in human males.<\/p>\n<p>The pistil (also called the carpel) is the \"female\" reproductive structure of the flower and is made up of three parts. The stigma is where the pollen grains land. The style is below the stigma and connects it to the ovary. The ovary forms the bottom part of the pistil. Inside the ovary are the ovules and inside the ovules are the eggs which, after fertilization, will result in the ovules developing into seeds. At the same time the ovary will develop into a fruit.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/flower-fruit-1024x635.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"635\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<h5>To review; after fertilization (pollination), the ovary of the flower becomes the _____ and the ovules become the _____.<\/h5> <pre>Answers: fruit; seeds<\/pre>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Variations in flower structures are often used to identify flowers in the field.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><strong>Review your understanding of flower structures with this video.<\/strong><\/h6> <h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>We will have more on the fruits and seeds produced by pollinated flowers in week 5 lab.<\/em><\/h6>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/360846559[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Although many significant crops like soybeans and squash are pollinated by animals, grass plants are wind pollinated.\u00a0 Grasses include corn, wheat and rice.<\/strong><\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430156902[\/embed]\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Grass Flowers<\/strong><\/h3> <h6 style=\"text-align: left;\">Grass plants are not pollinated by animals, so they do not need large, colorful, odorous, or nectar-filled\u00a0 flowers.<\/h6>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/corn-seed-1024x768.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<p>In a corn plant, a cluster of male flowers is called a tassel. The male flowers produce pollen which is carried by the wind to female flowers. Pollen falls onto the silks of female flowers, which develop into individual corn kernels. Typically the male and female flowers on a single plant mature at different times, to prevent self-pollination.<\/p>\n<h5>We will have more on flowers and pollinators in Module 9.<\/h5>\n<h5>This is the end of the Plants Guide.\u00a0 This material, along with materials from the Technology Guide and corresponding lectures are on the quiz due by Sunday.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4a4.jpg\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\">\n<h5><strong>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul> <li> <p><strong>describe asexual reproduction and provide examples of plants that can reproduce in this manner?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>label various flower structures and their corresponding functions, including the distinction between <\/strong><strong>wind-pollinated flowers and animal-pollinated flowers?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/stems-roots\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Stems &amp; Roots Page<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Plants Guide Overview<\/h5>\n<h3>Plants Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>This guide and lecture material are assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/plant-classification\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Plant Classification\" alt=\"Plant Classification\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/plant-classification\/#\"> Plant Classification <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/leaves\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Leaves\" alt=\"Leaves\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/leaves\/#\"> Leaves <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/stems-roots\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Stems &amp; Roots\" alt=\"Stems &amp; Roots\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/stems-roots\/#\"> Stems & Roots <\/a> <\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Plant Reproduction - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Plant Reproduction - YOU ARE HERE\"> <h3> Plant Reproduction - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 3<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/plants\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\"> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>Plants<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"3b4 Reproduction\" alt=\"3b4 Reproduction\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27340"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27340\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27590,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27340\/revisions\/27590"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}