{"id":27850,"date":"2025-10-17T07:30:49","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T07:30:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/?page_id=27850"},"modified":"2025-10-24T21:48:29","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T21:48:29","slug":"biomass","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/biomass\/","title":{"rendered":"5a2 Biomass"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-27850\" data-postid=\"27850\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-27850 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-css_id=\"7voq14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_7voq14 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_rzkb14 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_2l9u14 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module fancy heading -->\n<div  class=\"module module-fancy-heading tb_fni114  tb_hide_divider\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <h1 class=\"fancy-heading tf_textc\">\n    <span class=\"main-head tf_block\">\n                    Biomass            <\/span>\n\n    \n    <span class=\"sub-head tf_block tf_rel\">\n                    Relative Amounts of Functional Groups            <\/span>\n    <\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module fancy heading -->\n<!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_b33q14 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"kgvx14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_kgvx14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_z6fg14 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_phpk14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2.jpg\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ncpz14 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_978314    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3><strong>Biomass Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_plt114    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>Explain how energy is lost at each trophic (feeding) level.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Discuss the parts of a seed and the process of germination.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Provide examples of commercially significant seeds.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"hj4z14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_hj4z14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_w2qm14 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_y2p914 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/365847063?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_kel314 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_0oyq14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Producers are the foundation of food webs.\u00a0 They convert sunlight energy into a molecular form that can be utilized by consumers and decomposers.<\/strong><\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"qfrv14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_qfrv14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_rbl714 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_fnyv14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>This video provides an overview of a biomass pyramid figure.<\/strong><\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_367f14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/469564604?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"g9hm14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_g9hm14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_sf5014 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ixrm14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/trophiclevels-1024x629.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"629\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_fs2d14 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_0y7z14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>A food web is a visualization of &#8220;who eats who.&#8221; To construct a food web, you assign organisms to trophic (feeding) levels.<\/h6>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n<h6>___ are the first trophic level.\u00a0 The herbivores that eat them are the ___trophic level, and the carnivores that eat the herbivores are the ___ trophic level.\u00a0 A fox can be an omnivore; in this illustration it is simply eating rabbits as a carnivore.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"hhot14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_hhot14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_7f6a14 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ni4c14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: right;\">The &#8220;Biomass Pyramid.&#8221; indicates that there is a higher total mass of ___ in a given area than herbivores; and more mass of herbivores than carnivores.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\">You may have already observed while hiking that there are a lot of grass plants in a meadow and a smaller mass of organisms that eat the grass.<\/h6>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_v13f14 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_wr8q14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/biomasspyramid-1024x545.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"545\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"rtci14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_rtci14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ypjv14 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_1jk014 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/energyloss-1024x631.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"631\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_k0pr14 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_nisg14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>The explanation for why there is a greater mass of producers has to do with energy the producers trap not making it to the next trophic level.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n<h6>Not all of the grass is eaten, some passes through the bunny, or is burned off.\u00a0 Little of that original grass energy is available to the fox.<\/h6>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"nth714\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_nth714 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_u0sx14 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_inoj14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430122918?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                            Fox Scat in June                                        <\/h3>\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n                        In the early summer, this fox was eating cherries, you can see the pits in the scat.                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_lqts14 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_qvdq14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/317124043?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                            Fox Tracks in Snow                                        <\/h3>\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n                        In the winter the fox&#8217;s tracks vary in spacing, sometimes indicating running and pouncing, potentially on prey.                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"oclb14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_oclb14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_6zzb14 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_nwiq14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/310449874?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_cghf14 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_xduu14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">We saw the scat and tracks months before the animal itself, a full grown grey fox.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"1epa14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_1epa14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_jflp14 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_zvb814 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/462362252?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ydmk14 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_rzmk14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Here is a video of a grey fox in an enclosure.\u00a0 This animal was injured, rehabilitated, and is currently at the High Desert Museum.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"wxmj14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_wxmj14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_g42n14 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_uulm14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/fruitdeer-1024x679.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_4m4x14\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_pvic14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">See if you can put this into your own words; why would there be a higher biomass of berry plants than biomass of deer; or a greater biomass of thistle plants than the goldfinch birds?<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Why would there be a greater biomass of deer than wolves; or goldfinches than hawks?<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_ttmo14 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_7sfr14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/seedbird-1024x678.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_x4hg14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_977j14 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_q0pa14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Seed Structure and Germination<\/h2>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"chs014\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_chs014 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_6lvm14 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_lhu514   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3><strong>Seeds are a critical component of the human diet.<\/strong><\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"author\" data-css_id=\"f6u114\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-author tb_f6u114 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ekq514 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ax8q14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">We eat seeds all of the time, but it is east to overlook how the structure of these seeds relates to nutrition.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_jm1u14 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_fowi14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_93552583.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1400\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"author\" data-css_id=\"zk7n14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-author tb_zk7n14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_zafv14 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ulz114 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/bean-seed-anatomy-1-1024x782.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"782\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_e3u714 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_1qlc14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Most of a bean seed is made up of two large kidney-shaped, fleshy <strong>cotyledons<\/strong> (or seed leaves), which serve as food storage structures.\u00a0 Between the two cotyledons, is the small body of the embryo.\u00a0 The embryo includes the <strong>radicle<\/strong> (future roots) and embryonic <strong>true leaves<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The <strong>hypocotyl<\/strong> and <strong>epicotyl<\/strong> are the future plant&#8217;s stem, and the <strong>endosperm<\/strong> refers to stored energy the seedling will rely on until it can photosynthesize.\u00a0 The <strong>seed coat<\/strong> protects the cotyledons and embryo, the <strong>hilum<\/strong> connects the seed to the fruit.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"qqoz14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_qqoz14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_18yf14 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_2w2e14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/bead-growth-1-1024x294.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"294\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_bk8j14 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_99vk14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Moisture, temperature, and\/or day length can trigger germination, the development of a seed into a seedling.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"bf7s14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_bf7s14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_3b5x14 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_oxi814   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cotyledons support the developing seedling with nutrients and can in many cases also carry out photosynthesis.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_w51n14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430575427?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"wve414\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_wve414 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_lczb14 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_p7w914 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/362891089?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_g87d14 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_jars14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>These models and preserved specimens show stages of bean germination.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"z5cw14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_z5cw14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_13th14 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_n72b14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Beans (dicots) and corn (monocots) appear significantly different in the garden as they emerge from the ground.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_wicy14 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_93cd14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430577622?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"19pf14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_19pf14 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_6vup14 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_iym414 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_xkqp14 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7au814   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Economically Important Seeds<\/h2>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"qr0o14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_qr0o14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_2az714 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_a8pi14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">This video provides an overview of seeds that are especially important to humans.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_qa4w14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430557464?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"8flf14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_8flf14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_kyd414 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_oywm14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/430556680?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_71o214 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_v18914   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Grains from grasses provide almost half of the energy (calories) in the human diet.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"pwfq14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_pwfq14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_kjr614 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_3sdh14 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/467175063?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ag6614 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ertb14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Chia seeds have been eaten by humans for centuries; we are using them for &#8220;Chia Pets.&#8221;<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"4bgk14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_4bgk14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_0ujn14 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_1jaa14 last\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"sq3i14\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_sq3i14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_iyp714 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_3zua14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>The next section goes into further detail on food webs, including fruit in the human diet.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"u2i314\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_u2i314 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_82y714 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_q0lk14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2.jpg\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ga7e14 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_q33h14    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5><strong>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/strong><\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ypgs14    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>explain how energy is lost at each trophic (feeding) level?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>discuss the parts of a seed and the process of germination?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>provide examples of commercially significant seeds?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"uua314\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_uua314 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle gutter-none tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_3k7t14 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_7ebr14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/functional-groups\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_zmoc14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Functional Groups Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_c9qb14 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_hv9k14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/energy-nutrients\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ohky14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go forward to the Energy &amp; Nutrients Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_at8m14 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ms1q14 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_t3tn14   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Food Webs Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_jp4y14 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #b3021d;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_g2g314   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>Complete all four of these sections before taking the quiz and making your media piece.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_jp2a14\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_4xkh14 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_jc6x14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/functional-groups\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Functional Groups\" alt=\"Functional Groups\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/functional-groups\/#\">\n                        Functional Groups                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_mthl14\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_xffm14 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Biomass - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Biomass - YOU ARE HERE\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Biomass - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_hyzj14\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ivt214 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/energy-nutrients\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Energy &amp; Nutrients\" alt=\"Energy &amp; Nutrients\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/energy-nutrients\/#\">\n                        Energy & Nutrients                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_j7ky14 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_6vd014 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/decomposers\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Decomposers\" alt=\"Decomposers\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/decomposers\/#\">\n                        Decomposers                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"07a982\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_07a982 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top gutter-none tb_col_count_4 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_4ar182 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_l8lg82 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_crmu82   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 5<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ayt282\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_e09182 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_1ern82   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>5A: Food Webs<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_aveb82\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_02dl82 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/products\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Product-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_eo7r82   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Products Information<\/h3>\n<h5>5A: Quiz &amp; Media<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ca3w82 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_0hdv82 image-top circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ejng82   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biomass Objectives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":27835,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-27850","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"builder_content":"<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<h1>Biomass<br\/>Relative Amounts of Functional Groups<\/h1>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2.jpg\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<h3><strong>Biomass Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul> <li><strong>Explain how energy is lost at each trophic (feeding) level.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Discuss the parts of a seed and the process of germination.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Provide examples of commercially significant seeds.<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/365847063[\/embed]\n<h6 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Producers are the foundation of food webs.\u00a0 They convert sunlight energy into a molecular form that can be utilized by consumers and decomposers.<\/strong><\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>This video provides an overview of a biomass pyramid figure.<\/strong><\/h6>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/469564604[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/trophiclevels-1024x629.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"629\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<h6>A food web is a visualization of \"who eats who.\" To construct a food web, you assign organisms to trophic (feeding) levels.<\/h6> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6> <h6>___ are the first trophic level.\u00a0 The herbivores that eat them are the ___trophic level, and the carnivores that eat the herbivores are the ___ trophic level.\u00a0 A fox can be an omnivore; in this illustration it is simply eating rabbits as a carnivore.<\/h6>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\">The \"Biomass Pyramid.\" indicates that there is a higher total mass of ___ in a given area than herbivores; and more mass of herbivores than carnivores.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6> <h6 style=\"text-align: right;\">You may have already observed while hiking that there are a lot of grass plants in a meadow and a smaller mass of organisms that eat the grass.<\/h6> <p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/biomasspyramid-1024x545.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"545\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/energyloss-1024x631.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"631\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<h6>The explanation for why there is a greater mass of producers has to do with energy the producers trap not making it to the next trophic level.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h6> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6> <h6>Not all of the grass is eaten, some passes through the bunny, or is burned off.\u00a0 Little of that original grass energy is available to the fox.<\/h6> <p>\u00a0<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430122918[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/317124043[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/310449874[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">We saw the scat and tracks months before the animal itself, a full grown grey fox.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/462362252[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Here is a video of a grey fox in an enclosure.\u00a0 This animal was injured, rehabilitated, and is currently at the High Desert Museum.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/fruitdeer-1024x679.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">See if you can put this into your own words; why would there be a higher biomass of berry plants than biomass of deer; or a greater biomass of thistle plants than the goldfinch birds?<\/h6> <h6 style=\"text-align: center;\">Why would there be a greater biomass of deer than wolves; or goldfinches than hawks?<\/h6>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/seedbird-1024x678.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Seed Structure and Germination<\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Seeds are a critical component of the human diet.<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">We eat seeds all of the time, but it is east to overlook how the structure of these seeds relates to nutrition.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_93552583.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1400\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/bean-seed-anatomy-1-1024x782.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"782\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<p>Most of a bean seed is made up of two large kidney-shaped, fleshy <strong>cotyledons<\/strong> (or seed leaves), which serve as food storage structures.\u00a0 Between the two cotyledons, is the small body of the embryo.\u00a0 The embryo includes the <strong>radicle<\/strong> (future roots) and embryonic <strong>true leaves<\/strong>.<\/p> <p>The <strong>hypocotyl<\/strong> and <strong>epicotyl<\/strong> are the future plant's stem, and the <strong>endosperm<\/strong> refers to stored energy the seedling will rely on until it can photosynthesize.\u00a0 The <strong>seed coat<\/strong> protects the cotyledons and embryo, the <strong>hilum<\/strong> connects the seed to the fruit.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/bead-growth-1-1024x294.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"294\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<p>Moisture, temperature, and\/or day length can trigger germination, the development of a seed into a seedling.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cotyledons support the developing seedling with nutrients and can in many cases also carry out photosynthesis.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430575427[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/362891089[\/embed]\n<p>These models and preserved specimens show stages of bean germination.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Beans (dicots) and corn (monocots) appear significantly different in the garden as they emerge from the ground.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430577622[\/embed]\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Economically Important Seeds<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">This video provides an overview of seeds that are especially important to humans.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430557464[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/430556680[\/embed]\n<p>Grains from grasses provide almost half of the energy (calories) in the human diet.<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/467175063[\/embed]\n<p>Chia seeds have been eaten by humans for centuries; we are using them for \"Chia Pets.\"<\/p>\n<h5>The next section goes into further detail on food webs, including fruit in the human diet.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2.jpg\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\">\n<h5><strong>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul> <li><strong>explain how energy is lost at each trophic (feeding) level?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>discuss the parts of a seed and the process of germination?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>provide examples of commercially significant seeds?<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/functional-groups\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Functional Groups Page<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/energy-nutrients\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go forward to the Energy &amp; Nutrients Page<\/h5>\n<h3>Food Webs Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>Complete all four of these sections before taking the quiz and making your media piece.<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/functional-groups\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Functional Groups\" alt=\"Functional Groups\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/functional-groups\/#\"> Functional Groups <\/a> <\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Biomass - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Biomass - YOU ARE HERE\"> <h3> Biomass - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/energy-nutrients\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Energy &amp; Nutrients\" alt=\"Energy &amp; Nutrients\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/energy-nutrients\/#\"> Energy & Nutrients <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/decomposers\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Decomposers\" alt=\"Decomposers\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/decomposers\/#\"> Decomposers <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 5<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\"> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>5A: Food Webs<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/food-webs\/products\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Product-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Products Information<\/h3> <h5>5A: Quiz &amp; Media<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"5a2 Biomass\" alt=\"5a2 Biomass\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27850","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27850"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27850\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28511,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27850\/revisions\/28511"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}