{"id":27884,"date":"2025-10-17T07:38:52","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T07:38:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/?page_id=27884"},"modified":"2025-10-18T01:42:10","modified_gmt":"2025-10-18T01:42:10","slug":"predation-herbivory","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/predation-herbivory\/","title":{"rendered":"5b2 Predation Herbivory"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-27884\" data-postid=\"27884\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-27884 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-css_id=\"4tga485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_4tga485 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_sf36485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_i4hz485 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module fancy heading -->\n<div  class=\"module module-fancy-heading tb_rl6u485  tb_hide_divider\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <h1 class=\"fancy-heading tf_textc\">\n    <span class=\"main-head tf_block\">\n                    Predation &amp; Herbivory            <\/span>\n\n    \n    <span class=\"sub-head tf_block tf_rel\">\n                    One Organism Benefits; The Other is Harmed            <\/span>\n    <\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module fancy heading -->\n<!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_cypv485 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"c3vw485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_c3vw485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ypq4485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_s2pg485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/b2.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ll5j485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_5i2r485    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3><strong>Predation &amp; Herbivory Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7ebs485    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>Describe tactics and weaponry predators use to capture prey.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Distinguish between grazer, browser, and algivore herbivores.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Explain how and why carnivorous plants catch prey and provide examples.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"un0z485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_un0z485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_jlrh485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_pn89485    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Catching prey is not an easy task, predators expend energy, can be injured, and still not catch enough food to survive.\u00a0 Certain genetically programmed structures and learned strategies make catching prey more likely to occur.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"qt8o485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_qt8o485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_kbmw485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_mb0z485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/309242093?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_cgiw485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_y1fb485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>Humans have a huge advantage in capturing prey.\u00a0 It&#8217;s not just modern weaponry, it is having built-in advantages like a brain that can develop tactics, hands that can fashion and use weapons, and the ability to move quickly through a variety of environments.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_gg10485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_d01h485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_cduf485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Predation (+ -)<\/h2>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"bg9q485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_bg9q485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_o42h485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_9s3p485 image-top   auto_fullwidth tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/predator-camo-1024x803.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"803\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"l24b485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_l24b485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_u58v485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_yqz4485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5><strong>This video provides an overview of predator strategies.<\/strong><\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_0o45485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/315050830?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"we4a485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_we4a485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_qoq5485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_r5ud485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/309004781?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_sifc485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_x3ay485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>This crocodile has a variety of advantages: camouflage, stealthy movement, speed, strength, and weaponry.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5>You can imagine how a prey animal may not even see it coming.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"g25q485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_g25q485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_s37c485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_z6of485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Piranhas form large schools in South American rivers and can kill prey fish with their powerful jaws and sharp teeth.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5>Watch this classic top predator move: turning its back on the camera.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_qovb485 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_5fs5485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/307161073?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"xlz3485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_xlz3485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_xm13485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_v0q2485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Preying mantises (also called praying mantises) use a variety of techniques to capture their prey.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_2 tb_ojjk485\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_7ule485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_uymk485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/311593417?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_doyj485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>Our native mantises have green camouflage color and are shaped like grass blades.\u00a0 They are hard to see even when you are looking for them.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_vcwf485 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_c8hc485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/309692245?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_fjmw485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>Ghost preying mantises look like dry leaves and sway back and forth like a leaf in the breeze as they move in on their prey.\u00a0 This species will grow to about four inches in size<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"e291485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_e291485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_g0ui485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_3v2u485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/309053954?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ckpj485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_qbe5485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Often confused with detritivore millipedes, centipedes are primarily predators.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5>This centipede appeared on our couch while we were videoing, possibly hunting the massive number of fruit flies that have escaped our enclosures.\u00a0 Centipedes are fast, strong, and typically camouflaged in the dirt.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-css_id=\"77q0485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_77q0485 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_zsmz485 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"d3mk485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_d3mk485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_q0ba485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_puca485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/rattlesnake-pb-1024x627.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_6mvm485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_9qdf485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Predators use a variety of weapons to immobilize prey.\u00a0 Rattlesnakes, known for their rattling tail that may warn away their potential predators, have fangs that deliver a hemotoxic venom that disrupts blood clotting and destroys tissues.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Even though there are dozens of rattlesnake species in the Americas, the majority are declining due to habitat loss and direct extermination.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"1vql485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_1vql485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ncat485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_jded485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Spiders also use fangs and venom to immobilize prey.\u00a0 This dragonfly could destroy the spider&#8217;s web, and it takes a great deal of energy and time to build a new one.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_tkxa485 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_8ex9485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dragonfly-1729157-1024x685.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"w99l485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_w99l485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_v5b1485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_owfg485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5><strong>Many carnivorous vertebrates use talons (birds) and claws (reptiles and mammals) to hold on to prey.<\/strong><\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_pu3q485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/315033442?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"jyvb485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_jyvb485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_9jy9485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_v850485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/314852186?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_cj5p485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ojfo485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Felids, the cats, have curved claws that easily penetrate prey skin.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5>Uschi is &#8220;kneading,&#8221; gentle claw extension and retraction.\u00a0 Kittens may use this to stimulate milk release from their mothers.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"q5bh485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_q5bh485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_vczv485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_z4r5485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/bunny-1024x836.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_wubt485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_90ri485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Prey are not defenseless.\u00a0 They can run, fly, maneuver, fight back, freeze, hide, or a combination of these.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5>If you have ever tried to pick up an unwilling rabbit, you know they can kick, bite, and injure a potential predator.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_gpdb485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_nv98485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_8ww2485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Herbivory (+ -)<\/h2>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"3fog485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_3fog485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_29hk485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_cczj485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/311380778?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_hizd485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_usxb485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Deer are examples of large herbivores that continually ingest plants.<\/p>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"42mg485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_42mg485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_x5iw485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_bj1h485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/snail-algae-ss-1024x670.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_1x70485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_4zew485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Herbivory is consumption of producers, typically plants or algae.\u00a0 There are many specific types of herbivores, including:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<h5>Grazers:\u00a0 Eat a variety of plant leaves, like grasses, that are close to the ground<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<h5>Browsers: Eat a variety of plant parts, including leaves, branches, and fruits<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Algivores: eat algae<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"6lkq485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_6lkq485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_vstf485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_534a485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Identify these three herbivores as eating as a grazer, browser, or algivore.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"qdhw485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_qdhw485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_yff1485 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_3 tb_v4gl485\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col3-1 tb_gbg8485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_8isf485 image-center bordered  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/giraffe-1024x715.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"260\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col3-1 tb_qpt9485\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_lv9x485 image-center bordered  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/snail-1024x743.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"260\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col3-1 tb_tuji485 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_4agg485 image-center bordered  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/bunnyb-1024x780.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"260\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"g12e485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_g12e485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_jm1b485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_klh7485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/462284392?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_o3dl485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_utyc485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Porcupines, like this rescued and rehabilitated individual at the High Desert Museum, are herbivores that eat a variety of plants.<\/p>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"zay8485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_zay8485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_kfyt485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_yov3485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">In addition to fresh carrots and greens, this porcupine is being fed small branches and a prepared alfalfa block.\u00a0 What type of herbivore is this?\u00a0<\/p>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_w81d485 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_rzv8485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/462283645?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_15la485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_caux485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_6876485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">A Special Case: Carnivorous Plants<\/h2>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"wggi485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_wggi485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_zhob485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_b438485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/comvenusflytrap-1-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_x5t7485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_au6p485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Carnivorous plants can acquire nutrients through their roots and photosynthesize with their leaves, but\u00a0 they can also supplement their diet by capturing prey.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">These plants are often found in nutrient-poor soils where decomposition is slow, like an acidic bog.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"ti25485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_ti25485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_264h485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_c2ov485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/comcarnvenusfly-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_xp1w485\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_1j6u485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Leaves are modified as traps.\u00a0 The leaves of Venus Fly Trap (<em>Dionea sp.<\/em>) have tiny trichomes (hairs) that trigger the leaf to snap closed, trapping the prey.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_naij485 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_mw7u485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/comcarnivoroustrichomes-1024x678.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"bv63485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_bv63485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_evxc485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_z3y0485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/364227303?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_dkp7485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_u6dl485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Sundew plants have small hairs (trichomes) that are covered in a sticky substance that trap insects.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_hmwa485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/combcarnsquaresundewspiral-1024x1024.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"va1j485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_va1j485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ji1z485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_6m0i485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: right;\">Pitcher plants have leaves shaped like cups.\u00a0 Trichomes lead the prey to the water where they drown and are digested by enzymes.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_96x8485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/intcarnpitchertrichomes-1-1024x706.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_2v2f485 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_wnve485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/364210688?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"ig87485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_ig87485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_ny00485 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_p7k5485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/313106971?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_nxzl485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_zrra485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Baker Beach in Oregon, on highway 101 just north of Florence has tiny sundews.\u00a0 Stick to the trail, these are hard to see and low in population size.<\/p>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"pp3u485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_pp3u485 tf_w\" data-tbfullwidthvideo=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/364216300\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_k14n485 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"svqq485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_svqq485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_p78x485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_5f7o485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Just across the road from Baker Beach is the Darlingtonia Wayside with a completely different carnivorous plant.<\/p>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_dy4n485 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_cn1r485 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/469376784?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"uk1y485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_uk1y485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_i1q9485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_stfe485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/5b2-Darling-Close.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_9bxl485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_pqls485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Leaves have a unique modification suited for catching insect prey.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h6>\u00a0<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"wseb485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_wseb485 tf_w\" data-tbfullwidthvideo=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/469377069\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_df8x485 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_npsk485 last\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"lefz485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_lefz485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_znbj485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_zobg485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>The next section introduces symbiosis, close association between organisms over time.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"37ca485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_37ca485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_cr5s485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_dyog485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/b2.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_m04h485 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_xmnn485    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_yb4u485    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>describe tactics and weaponry predators use to capture prey?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>distinguish between grazer, browser, and algivore herbivores?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>explain how and why carnivorous plants catch prey and provide examples?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"tkhf485\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_tkhf485 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle gutter-none tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_db4p485 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_bxfk485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/competition\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_kl1h485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Competition Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_qd5q485 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_9ngj485 image-top drop-shadow  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/index.php\/envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/symbiosis\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ffkh485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go forward to the Symbiosis Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_dckt485 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_42yp485 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_rqkh485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Communities Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_75ut485 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #a33494;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_9zh8485   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>Complete all four of these sections before taking the quiz and making your media piece.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_w5ev485\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_66ea485 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_eg1n485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/competition\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Competition\" alt=\"Competition\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/competition\/#\">\n                        Competition                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_skj3485\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_fcdk485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Predation &amp; Herbivory - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Predation &amp; Herbivory - YOU ARE HERE\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Predation & Herbivory - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_09gx485\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_5sk6485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/symbiosis\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Symbiosis\" alt=\"Symbiosis\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/symbiosis\/#\">\n                        Symbiosis                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_j6u9485 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_8c61485 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/oak-community\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Oak Community\" alt=\"Oak Community\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/oak-community\/#\">\n                        Oak Community                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"6bqp976\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_6bqp976 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top gutter-none tb_col_count_4 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_lwe4976 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_dzvp976 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_0zfj976   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 5<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_b757976\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_68e7976 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_pkak976   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>5B: Communities<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_t18t976\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_3j7i976 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/products\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Product-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_kn9l976   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Products Information<\/h3>\n<h5>5B: Quiz &amp; Media<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_nrx0976 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_pxtw976 image-top circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_1id9976   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Predation &amp; Herbivory Objectives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":27840,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-27884","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"builder_content":"<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h1>Predation & Herbivory<br\/>One Organism Benefits; The Other is Harmed<\/h1>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/b2.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h3><strong>Predation &amp; Herbivory Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul> <li><strong>Describe tactics and weaponry predators use to capture prey.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Distinguish between grazer, browser, and algivore herbivores.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Explain how and why carnivorous plants catch prey and provide examples.<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Catching prey is not an easy task, predators expend energy, can be injured, and still not catch enough food to survive.\u00a0 Certain genetically programmed structures and learned strategies make catching prey more likely to occur.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/309242093[\/embed]\n<h6>Humans have a huge advantage in capturing prey.\u00a0 It's not just modern weaponry, it is having built-in advantages like a brain that can develop tactics, hands that can fashion and use weapons, and the ability to move quickly through a variety of environments.<\/h6>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Predation (+ -)<\/h2>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/predator-camo-1024x803.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"803\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h5><strong>This video provides an overview of predator strategies.<\/strong><\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/315050830[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/309004781[\/embed]\n<h5>This crocodile has a variety of advantages: camouflage, stealthy movement, speed, strength, and weaponry.<\/h5> <h5>\u00a0<\/h5> <h5>You can imagine how a prey animal may not even see it coming.<\/h5>\n<h5>Piranhas form large schools in South American rivers and can kill prey fish with their powerful jaws and sharp teeth.<\/h5> <h5>\u00a0<\/h5> <h5>Watch this classic top predator move: turning its back on the camera.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/307161073[\/embed]\n<h5>Preying mantises (also called praying mantises) use a variety of techniques to capture their prey.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/311593417[\/embed]\n<h6>Our native mantises have green camouflage color and are shaped like grass blades.\u00a0 They are hard to see even when you are looking for them.<\/h6>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/309692245[\/embed]\n<h6>Ghost preying mantises look like dry leaves and sway back and forth like a leaf in the breeze as they move in on their prey.\u00a0 This species will grow to about four inches in size<\/h6>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/309053954[\/embed]\n<h5>Often confused with detritivore millipedes, centipedes are primarily predators.<\/h5> <h5>\u00a0<\/h5> <h5>This centipede appeared on our couch while we were videoing, possibly hunting the massive number of fruit flies that have escaped our enclosures.\u00a0 Centipedes are fast, strong, and typically camouflaged in the dirt.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/rattlesnake-pb-1024x627.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Predators use a variety of weapons to immobilize prey.\u00a0 Rattlesnakes, known for their rattling tail that may warn away their potential predators, have fangs that deliver a hemotoxic venom that disrupts blood clotting and destroys tissues.<\/h5> <h5>\u00a0<\/h5> <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Even though there are dozens of rattlesnake species in the Americas, the majority are declining due to habitat loss and direct extermination.<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Spiders also use fangs and venom to immobilize prey.\u00a0 This dragonfly could destroy the spider's web, and it takes a great deal of energy and time to build a new one.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/dragonfly-1729157-1024x685.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h5><strong>Many carnivorous vertebrates use talons (birds) and claws (reptiles and mammals) to hold on to prey.<\/strong><\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/315033442[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/314852186[\/embed]\n<h5>Felids, the cats, have curved claws that easily penetrate prey skin.<\/h5> <h5>\u00a0<\/h5> <h5>Uschi is \"kneading,\" gentle claw extension and retraction.\u00a0 Kittens may use this to stimulate milk release from their mothers.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/bunny-1024x836.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h5>Prey are not defenseless.\u00a0 They can run, fly, maneuver, fight back, freeze, hide, or a combination of these.<\/h5> <h5>\u00a0<\/h5> <h5>If you have ever tried to pick up an unwilling rabbit, you know they can kick, bite, and injure a potential predator.<\/h5>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Herbivory (+ -)<\/h2>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/311380778[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Deer are examples of large herbivores that continually ingest plants.<\/p> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/snail-algae-ss-1024x670.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"350\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Herbivory is consumption of producers, typically plants or algae.\u00a0 There are many specific types of herbivores, including:<\/h5> <ul> <li style=\"text-align: left;\"> <h5>Grazers:\u00a0 Eat a variety of plant leaves, like grasses, that are close to the ground<\/h5> <\/li> <li style=\"text-align: left;\"> <h5>Browsers: Eat a variety of plant parts, including leaves, branches, and fruits<\/h5> <\/li> <li> <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Algivores: eat algae<\/h5> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<h5>Identify these three herbivores as eating as a grazer, browser, or algivore.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/giraffe-1024x715.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"260\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/snail-1024x743.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"260\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/bunnyb-1024x780.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"260\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/462284392[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Porcupines, like this rescued and rehabilitated individual at the High Desert Museum, are herbivores that eat a variety of plants.<\/p> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">In addition to fresh carrots and greens, this porcupine is being fed small branches and a prepared alfalfa block.\u00a0 What type of herbivore is this?\u00a0<\/p> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/462283645[\/embed]\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">A Special Case: Carnivorous Plants<\/h2>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/comvenusflytrap-1-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Carnivorous plants can acquire nutrients through their roots and photosynthesize with their leaves, but\u00a0 they can also supplement their diet by capturing prey.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">These plants are often found in nutrient-poor soils where decomposition is slow, like an acidic bog.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/comcarnvenusfly-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Leaves are modified as traps.\u00a0 The leaves of Venus Fly Trap (<em>Dionea sp.<\/em>) have tiny trichomes (hairs) that trigger the leaf to snap closed, trapping the prey.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/comcarnivoroustrichomes-1024x678.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/364227303[\/embed]\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Sundew plants have small hairs (trichomes) that are covered in a sticky substance that trap insects.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/combcarnsquaresundewspiral-1024x1024.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: right;\">Pitcher plants have leaves shaped like cups.\u00a0 Trichomes lead the prey to the water where they drown and are digested by enzymes.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/intcarnpitchertrichomes-1-1024x706.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/364210688[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/313106971[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Baker Beach in Oregon, on highway 101 just north of Florence has tiny sundews.\u00a0 Stick to the trail, these are hard to see and low in population size.<\/p> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Just across the road from Baker Beach is the Darlingtonia Wayside with a completely different carnivorous plant.<\/p> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/469376784[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/5b2-Darling-Close.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Leaves have a unique modification suited for catching insect prey.\u00a0<\/p> <h6>\u00a0<\/h6>\n<h5>The next section introduces symbiosis, close association between organisms over time.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/b2.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\">\n<h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>\n<ul> <li><strong>describe tactics and weaponry predators use to capture prey?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>distinguish between grazer, browser, and algivore herbivores?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>explain how and why carnivorous plants catch prey and provide examples?<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/competition\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Competition Page<\/h5>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/index.php\/envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/symbiosis\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go forward to the Symbiosis Page<\/h5>\n<h3>Communities Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>Complete all four of these sections before taking the quiz and making your media piece.<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/competition\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Competition\" alt=\"Competition\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/competition\/#\"> Competition <\/a> <\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Predation &amp; Herbivory - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Predation &amp; Herbivory - YOU ARE HERE\"> <h3> Predation & Herbivory - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/symbiosis\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Symbiosis\" alt=\"Symbiosis\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/symbiosis\/#\"> Symbiosis <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/oak-community\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Oak Community\" alt=\"Oak Community\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/oak-community\/#\"> Oak Community <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 5<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\"> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>5B: Communities<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/online-envirobio\/interactions\/communities\/products\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Product-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Products Information<\/h3> <h5>5B: Quiz &amp; Media<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\" alt=\"5b2 Predation Herbivory\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27884","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27884"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27884\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28216,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27884\/revisions\/28216"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27840"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}