{"id":28298,"date":"2025-10-24T20:05:57","date_gmt":"2025-10-24T20:05:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/?page_id=28298"},"modified":"2025-10-24T23:58:53","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T23:58:53","slug":"ocean-zones","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/ocean-zones\/","title":{"rendered":"5b2 Ocean Zones"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-28298\" data-postid=\"28298\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-28298 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-css_id=\"s6gi160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_s6gi160 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_9f2l160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_fco5160 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module fancy heading -->\n<div  class=\"module module-fancy-heading tb_3v64160  tb_hide_divider\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <h1 class=\"fancy-heading tf_textc\">\n    <span class=\"main-head tf_block\">\n                    Ocean Zones            <\/span>\n\n    \n    <span class=\"sub-head tf_block tf_rel\">\n                    Varied Organisms &amp; Ecosystems            <\/span>\n    <\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module fancy heading -->\n<!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_6dxp160 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"lte1160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_lte1160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_5q8i160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_1vlg160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_zfxy160 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_vbqm160    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3><strong>Ocean Zones Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_x0fy160    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>List the various ocean zones.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Describe the relationship between currents and nutrients.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Explain how ocean acidification and climate change can impact ocean organisms.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"z7ay160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_z7ay160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_92ce160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_unxa160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a1-compass-b.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_85mp160 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_2j3a160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Much of the oceans remain unexplored due to obvious reasons: enormous size, depths that are challenging to reach, and limited motivation to spend the resources required.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"wuag160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_wuag160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_enah160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ir3i160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Prior to the <a href=\"https:\/\/biotas.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/technology\/magnification\/#\">H.M.S. Challenger<\/a> dredging ocean sediment in the 1870s and finding microscopic life, the oceans were thought to be largely lifeless.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Now we realize that the oceans and humans are intertwined.\u00a0 Phytoplankton may be microscopic, but due to their enormous number in the lit ocean surface, they produce significant amounts of oxygen and absorb large quantities of carbon dioxide in the process of p_____.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ww27160 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_y2bv160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a1-hms-challenger-art.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"rffg160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_rffg160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_0qxj160 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_9fi8160 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/367615927?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_qprb160 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_t4cc160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">This mural in Newport Oregon shows some of the ways the ocean and human culture are related.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Clearly we spend most of our time on the coastal edges of oceans, but there is much more to explore.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_6e5k160 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_x3zx160 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_b5pk160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_6jrh160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tyth160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Ocean Zones<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"vva2160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_vva2160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_wdvm160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_giln160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Screen-Shot-2019-11-16-at-8.17.01-PM.png\" width=\"710\" height=\"446\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_pasq160 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_shgl160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">The oceans are primarily classified as &#8220;open ocean&#8221; which includes the sunlit <strong>photic zone<\/strong> and the dark <strong>aphotic zone<\/strong>.\u00a0 Hydrothermal events are located on the ocean zone deep within the aphotic zone.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Along shore, the <strong>tidal zone<\/strong> is underwater at high tide and exposed during low tide.\u00a0 The <strong>near shore<\/strong> area is shallow and sunlit, but always under water, unlike the tidal zone.\u00a0 Coral reefs and kelp forests are typically near shore.\u00a0 Tidal zones, coral reefs, and kelp forests are in next week&#8217;s resource.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_y8cu160 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_vgj4160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_t5l2160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p><strong>In the open ocean, photoautotrophs are found in the photic zone.\u00a0 But there is a big potential problem:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Gravity.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Producers need nutrients, and nutrients would potentially settle to the ocean floor, far below most of the producers.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"2buy160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_2buy160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_lnfr160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_zfxm160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">The problem is in part solved by surface currents keeping nutrients suspended near the water&#8217;s surface.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">But some nutrients still sink.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_cxdi160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/currents-1024x315.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"315\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_nusm160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_sd3e160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_nnl2160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Along continental coasts, <strong>upwelling<\/strong> currents that scour the ocean bottom can bring cool nutrient-rich water to the surface.\u00a0<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_xplm160 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/434741602?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"hlfv160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_hlfv160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_0iwz160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_rgy3160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/upwelling-1024x773.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"773\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_b3p8160 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_qngg160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Along continental coasts, <strong>upwelling<\/strong> currents that scour the ocean bottom can bring cool nutrient-rich water to the surface.\u00a0 These nutrients are critical for marine producers like algae and photosynthetic bacteria, which are food for higher trophic (feeding) levels.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"gnck160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_gnck160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_cqh2160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_j4ci160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Upwelling can change when air currents and ocean currents change.\u00a0 The mechanisms that alter currents are not well understood, but it is known that the reduction of upwelling during El Nino events is due to shifts in currents.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_56q1160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/el-nino-1024x318.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"318\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_zojm160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_w78t160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_5rd0160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Our fisheries depend on a well-functioning food web to produce large fish or shellfish like crabs.\u00a0 An El Nino year can have a devastating impact on fish hauls.\u00a0 Why?<\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hint: the fish do not directly consume nutrients, but what decreases if there are not enough nutrients, which would lead to less food for the fish?<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_2vv1160 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/434739448?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_1k1u160 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_d5ni160 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"0c35160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_0c35160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_3zvh160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_k2t9160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1824897491.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_36yt160 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_sj0j160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">We will go into depth on longer-term climate change in Guide 8B.\u00a0 Climate change not only impacts terrestrial habitats, including agricultural lands, it also impacts the ocean in a variety of sometimes surprising ways.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"90ke160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_90ke160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_wsg7160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_3ne0160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Just like air temperature is increasing overall, but varies up and down in specific regions; ocean surface water temperatures are also generally increasing with variations up and down in specific locations.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Warming temperatures appear to decrease the growth rates of some of the microscopic photosynthetic organisms.\u00a0 If photosynthesis declines in the ocean, which gas would not be pulled out of the water (and atmosphere) at as high of a rate?<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_b8nk160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/warm-water-1024x320.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"320\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"e9cx160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_e9cx160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_vjps160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_9hhi160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Another impact on oceans is increased carbon dioxide dissolved into the water.\u00a0 This can liberate hydrogen ions that react with certain organism structures, including shells.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">A decade ago, ocean acidification was relatively unknown; now it is considered to be a significant threat to marine organisms.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_drsr160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/acid-1024x316.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"316\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"f0af160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_f0af160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_2sgo160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_lgzr160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ocean-acid-974x1024.jpg\" width=\"974\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_jziu160 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_lmn7160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Researchers are trying to collect enough data to predict impacts on the largely unexplored oceans, to match data collected on terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"reqz160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_reqz160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_olq4160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_4w59160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: right;\">This sign at a wayside on the south Oregon coast mentions the significance of plankton.\u00a0 Microscopic phytoplankton not only support complex marine food webs, they also plat a role in climate and as a result, have an impact on our own species.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_pyb8160 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ucdh160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2-plankton-sign.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_ct8d160 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_rj1z160 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"qwl0160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_qwl0160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_7rbk160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_g4f3160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>The next section explores the near shore areas, including their iconic organisms.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"hpyo160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_hpyo160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_dm5c160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_slr1160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_1idr160 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7alo160    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_50nm160    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>list the various ocean zones?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>describe the relationship between currents and nutrients?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>explain how ocean acidification and climate change can impact ocean organisms?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"yj8f160\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_yj8f160 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle gutter-none tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_f77j160 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_8e8c160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_mo5v160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Marine Life Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_rde8160 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_u20i160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/near-shore\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_i8dp160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go forward to the Near Shore Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_epn9160 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_5fpz160 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_b8c7160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Sampling Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_3jsw160 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #0087bd;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_0ifg160   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>This guide and lecture material are assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_oehg160\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_fqvz160 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_zrrq160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Marine Life\" alt=\"Marine Life\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\">\n                        Marine Life                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_locg160\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_wq1y160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Ocean Zones - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Ocean Zones - YOU ARE HERE\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Ocean Zones - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_r02u160\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_hwm3160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/near-shore\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Near Shore\" alt=\"Near Shore\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/near-shore\/#\">\n                        Near Shore                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_xmxk160 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_arin160 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Beach\" alt=\"Beach\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\">\n                        Beach                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"yyzj225\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_yyzj225 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top gutter-none tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_24g7225 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_2zlx225 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_gb61225   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 5<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_khng225\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_5weo225 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_o01t225   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>Sampling<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_oqof225 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_sjr2225 image-top circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_pkma225   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ocean Zones Objectives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":28257,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-28298","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"builder_content":"<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<h1>Ocean Zones<br\/>Varied Organisms & Ecosystems<\/h1>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<h3><strong>Ocean Zones Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul> <li> <p><strong>List the various ocean zones.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>Describe the relationship between currents and nutrients.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>Explain how ocean acidification and climate change can impact ocean organisms.<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a1-compass-b.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Much of the oceans remain unexplored due to obvious reasons: enormous size, depths that are challenging to reach, and limited motivation to spend the resources required.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Prior to the <a href=\"https:\/\/biotas.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/classification\/technology\/magnification\/#\">H.M.S. Challenger<\/a> dredging ocean sediment in the 1870s and finding microscopic life, the oceans were thought to be largely lifeless.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: right;\">Now we realize that the oceans and humans are intertwined.\u00a0 Phytoplankton may be microscopic, but due to their enormous number in the lit ocean surface, they produce significant amounts of oxygen and absorb large quantities of carbon dioxide in the process of p_____.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a1-hms-challenger-art.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/367615927[\/embed]\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This mural in Newport Oregon shows some of the ways the ocean and human culture are related.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Clearly we spend most of our time on the coastal edges of oceans, but there is much more to explore.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Ocean Zones<\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Screen-Shot-2019-11-16-at-8.17.01-PM.png\" width=\"710\" height=\"446\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The oceans are primarily classified as \"open ocean\" which includes the sunlit <strong>photic zone<\/strong> and the dark <strong>aphotic zone<\/strong>.\u00a0 Hydrothermal events are located on the ocean zone deep within the aphotic zone.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">Along shore, the <strong>tidal zone<\/strong> is underwater at high tide and exposed during low tide.\u00a0 The <strong>near shore<\/strong> area is shallow and sunlit, but always under water, unlike the tidal zone.\u00a0 Coral reefs and kelp forests are typically near shore.\u00a0 Tidal zones, coral reefs, and kelp forests are in next week's resource.<\/p>\n<p><strong>In the open ocean, photoautotrophs are found in the photic zone.\u00a0 But there is a big potential problem:<\/strong><\/p> <p><strong>Gravity.<\/strong><\/p> <p><strong>Producers need nutrients, and nutrients would potentially settle to the ocean floor, far below most of the producers.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">The problem is in part solved by surface currents keeping nutrients suspended near the water's surface.\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: center;\">But some nutrients still sink.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/currents-1024x315.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"315\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Along continental coasts, <strong>upwelling<\/strong> currents that scour the ocean bottom can bring cool nutrient-rich water to the surface.\u00a0<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/434741602[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/upwelling-1024x773.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"773\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Along continental coasts, <strong>upwelling<\/strong> currents that scour the ocean bottom can bring cool nutrient-rich water to the surface.\u00a0 These nutrients are critical for marine producers like algae and photosynthetic bacteria, which are food for higher trophic (feeding) levels.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Upwelling can change when air currents and ocean currents change.\u00a0 The mechanisms that alter currents are not well understood, but it is known that the reduction of upwelling during El Nino events is due to shifts in currents.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/el-nino-1024x318.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"318\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Our fisheries depend on a well-functioning food web to produce large fish or shellfish like crabs.\u00a0 An El Nino year can have a devastating impact on fish hauls.\u00a0 Why?<\/h5> <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Hint: the fish do not directly consume nutrients, but what decreases if there are not enough nutrients, which would lead to less food for the fish?<\/p>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/434739448[\/embed]\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1824897491.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">We will go into depth on longer-term climate change in Guide 8B.\u00a0 Climate change not only impacts terrestrial habitats, including agricultural lands, it also impacts the ocean in a variety of sometimes surprising ways.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Just like air temperature is increasing overall, but varies up and down in specific regions; ocean surface water temperatures are also generally increasing with variations up and down in specific locations.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Warming temperatures appear to decrease the growth rates of some of the microscopic photosynthetic organisms.\u00a0 If photosynthesis declines in the ocean, which gas would not be pulled out of the water (and atmosphere) at as high of a rate?<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/warm-water-1024x320.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"320\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Another impact on oceans is increased carbon dioxide dissolved into the water.\u00a0 This can liberate hydrogen ions that react with certain organism structures, including shells.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: center;\">A decade ago, ocean acidification was relatively unknown; now it is considered to be a significant threat to marine organisms.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/acid-1024x316.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"316\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/ocean-acid-974x1024.jpg\" width=\"974\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Researchers are trying to collect enough data to predict impacts on the largely unexplored oceans, to match data collected on terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">This sign at a wayside on the south Oregon coast mentions the significance of plankton.\u00a0 Microscopic phytoplankton not only support complex marine food webs, they also plat a role in climate and as a result, have an impact on our own species.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2-plankton-sign.jpg\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<h5>The next section explores the near shore areas, including their iconic organisms.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a2-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\">\n<h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>\n<ul> <li> <p><strong>list the various ocean zones?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>describe the relationship between currents and nutrients?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <li> <p><strong>explain how ocean acidification and climate change can impact ocean organisms?<\/strong><\/p> <\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Marine Life Page<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/near-shore\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go forward to the Near Shore Page<\/h5>\n<h3>Sampling Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>This guide and lecture material are assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Marine Life\" alt=\"Marine Life\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\"> Marine Life <\/a> <\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Ocean Zones - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Ocean Zones - YOU ARE HERE\"> <h3> Ocean Zones - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/near-shore\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Near Shore\" alt=\"Near Shore\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/near-shore\/#\"> Near Shore <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Beach\" alt=\"Beach\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\"> Beach <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 5<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\"> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>Sampling<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\" alt=\"5b2 Ocean Zones\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28298"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28686,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28298\/revisions\/28686"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}