{"id":28304,"date":"2025-10-24T20:07:07","date_gmt":"2025-10-24T20:07:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/?page_id=28304"},"modified":"2025-10-24T23:58:57","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T23:58:57","slug":"near-shore","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/near-shore\/","title":{"rendered":"5b3 Near Shore"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-28304\" data-postid=\"28304\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-28304 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-css_id=\"2vao859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_2vao859 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_psmn859 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_jf5e859 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module fancy heading -->\n<div  class=\"module module-fancy-heading tb_mdr3859  tb_hide_divider\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <h1 class=\"fancy-heading tf_textc\">\n    <span class=\"main-head tf_block\">\n                    Near Shore            <\/span>\n\n    \n    <span class=\"sub-head tf_block tf_rel\">\n                    Kelp Forests            <\/span>\n    <\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module fancy heading -->\n<!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ui0d859 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"7lnt859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_7lnt859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_4dy5859 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_2id5859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a3-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_i8iu859 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_pm3q859    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3><strong>Near Shore Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_h8sb859    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>Describe kelp, including structure and classification.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Explain the relationship between kelp, sea urchins, and sea otters.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Define what a keystone species is and how a sea otter is an example.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"connect\" data-css_id=\"7cm4859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_has_section tb_section-connect tb_7cm4859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_hh65859 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_n2iu859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Screen-Shot-2019-11-16-at-8.17.01-PM.png\" width=\"710\" height=\"446\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_4kmv859 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_yroe859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: left;\">In the previous section we took a general look at the photic zone of the open ocean.\u00a0 Now, we are closer to shore.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">The <strong>near shore<\/strong> area is shallow and sunlit, but always under water, unlike the tidal zone.\u00a0 Coral reefs and kelp forests are typically near shore.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"0tgj859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_0tgj859 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_x22w859 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"k610859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_k610859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ya3z859 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_rg7l859\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_bass859 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_0m7a859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/kelp-see-thru-1024x684.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_n8zk859 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_dloj859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Kelp and other &#8220;seaweeds&#8221; look like plants until you notice you can see right through their &#8220;leaves&#8221; and that they lack the structures we associate with plants.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Kelp are eukaryotes, but they are classified in <em>Kingdom<\/em> _____ instead of <em>Kingdom Plantae.<\/em><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"bsgd859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_bsgd859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_63hf859 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_10or859\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_1qhh859 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_qh97859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Kelp can adhere to rocks with a &#8220;holdfast&#8221; structure, but these can be broken free by strong waves and we often see kelp washed up on our Oregon beaches after a storm.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_05lo859 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_rekq859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/kelp-holdfast-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"4c28859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_4c28859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ofdp859 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_i518859\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-3 tb_3zad859 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_6p0l859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/otter-kelp-1024x322.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"322\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_nd4n859 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_qala859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Submerged kelp forests are located off many coastlines, including the coast of the Pacific Northwest.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"pwv6859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_pwv6859 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_um7p859 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"zq8k859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_zq8k859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_22ep859 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_hxhl859\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-3 tb_oz7w859 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_rdzn859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-sketch-1024x344.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"344\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_ulpf859 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_9phg859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Sea otters have a close association with kelp.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>In recent centuries, sea otters were primarily seen as a source of pelt (skin &amp; fur) or a potential negative impact on human catches of shelled organisms.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"j1pg859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_j1pg859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_lwxp859 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_riuu859\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_3v0i859 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_pekp859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Prior to excessive hunting, sea otters lived in kelp forests off coasts of northern California, Oregon, and Washington.\u00a0 Now small numbers are found off Washington and more off the coast of British Columbia.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-3 tb_o2yk859 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_qwjr859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/otter-urchin-1024x317.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"317\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"96fo859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_96fo859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_kudb859 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_kzcq859\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-3 tb_xdv3859 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_kjia859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/otter-kelp-copy-1024x315.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"315\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_okg4859 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ln9v859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Sea otters ate sea urchins, and sea urchins are herbivores that can eat kelp.\u00a0 In areas without sea otters, the urchins can significantly overeat the kelp.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"058e859\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_058e859 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_v9vh859 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_14cs859\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_0ehv859 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_tn1o859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>The sea otter is an example of a keystone species.\u00a0 A <strong>keystone species<\/strong> has a disproportionately large impact on its community, even if it does not have a high biomass. Sea otters had a relatively low biomass, but a significant controlling impact on its food web.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-2 tb_5ym8859 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_uuex859 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/key-otter-1024x461.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"461\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"o7q9858\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_o7q9858 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_tl1r859 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tb_q61o859\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col-full tb_tygd859 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_8zwg859   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>The removal of the sea otters had unintended results that cascaded through near shore food webs.<\/h5>\n<h5>Kelp protect sea otters and their young, and indirectly the sea otters benefit the kelp.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n        <div  class=\"module themify_builder_slider_wrap tf_clearfix module-slider tb_ml2g859  slider-default  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"themify_builder_slider tf_carousel tf_swiper-container tf_rel tf_overflow\" data-lazy=\"1\"        data-visible=\"2\"\n        data-tab-visible=\"0\"\n        data-mob-visible=\"0\"\n        data-scroll=\"1\"\n                            data-auto=\"6000\"\n            data-controller=\"0\"\n            data-pause_hover=\"1\"\n                data-speed=\"slow\"\n        data-wrapvar=\"1\"\n        data-slider_nav=\"1\"\n        data-pager=\"1\"\n        data-effect=\"scroll\" \n        data-height=\"auto\"\n        data-css_url=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/themes\/themify-ultra\/themify\/themify-builder\/css\/modules\/sliders\/carousel,https:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/themes\/themify-ultra\/themify\/themify-builder\/css\/modules\/sliders\/slider\"\n                    >\n        <div class=\"tf_swiper-wrapper tf_lazy tf_rel tf_w tf_h tf_textc\">\n                         <div class=\"tf_swiper-slide\">            <div class=\"slide-inner-wrap\">\n                                    <div class=\"tf_rel tf_lazy slide-image\">\n                                                                            <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='1024'%20height='658'%20viewBox=%270%200%201024%20658%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" class=\"tf_svg_lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-1-1024x658.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"658\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-1-1024x658.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"658\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><\/noscript>                                            <\/div>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>                     <div class=\"tf_swiper-slide\">            <div class=\"slide-inner-wrap\">\n                                    <div class=\"tf_rel tf_lazy slide-image\">\n                                                                            <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='1024'%20height='710'%20viewBox=%270%200%201024%20710%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" class=\"tf_svg_lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-b-1024x710.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"710\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-b-1024x710.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"710\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><\/noscript>                                            <\/div>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>                     <div class=\"tf_swiper-slide\" style=\"content-visibility:hidden\">            <div class=\"slide-inner-wrap\">\n                                    <div class=\"tf_rel tf_lazy slide-image\">\n                                                                            <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='1024'%20height='683'%20viewBox=%270%200%201024%20683%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" class=\"tf_svg_lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-c-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-c-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><\/noscript>                                            <\/div>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>                     <div class=\"tf_swiper-slide\" style=\"content-visibility:hidden\">            <div class=\"slide-inner-wrap\">\n                                    <div class=\"tf_rel tf_lazy slide-image\">\n                                                                            <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='2000'%20height='1334'%20viewBox=%270%200%202000%201334%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" class=\"tf_svg_lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1686502369.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1686502369.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><\/noscript>                                            <\/div>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"x3t9858\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_x3t9858 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ziaf858 first\">\n                            <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tb_vunx858\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-3 tb_zfvi858 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_rp78858 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/key-c-1024x344.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"344\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_4hlg858 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ljza858   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p>Examples of terrestrial keystone species that have large impacts on their communities are wolves who alter the behaviors of herds of deer and other prey; and beavers who can create an entirely new landscape and community.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-css_id=\"jajf858\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_jajf858 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_hk6c858 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"fkii858\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_fkii858 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_ai8t858 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_3zwi858   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>In the next section we head to beach to examine organisms in the sand as well as those that wash ashore.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"m3pe858\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_m3pe858 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_9s1s858 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_8geb858 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a3-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_wdy0858 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ya62858    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_nmrq858    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>describe kelp, including structure and classification?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>explain the relationship between kelp, sea urchins, and sea otters?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>define what a keystone species is and how a sea otter is an example?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"k8iq858\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_k8iq858 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle gutter-none tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_2loq858 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_utrs858 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/ocean-zones\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_7yif858   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Ocean Zones Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_b3nh858 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_i4hb858 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ry6k858   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go forward to the Beach Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_kxg8858 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_2z3o858 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_4lhc858   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Sampling Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_6237858 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #0087bd;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_fsbj858   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>This guide and lecture material are assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_kx7g858\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_eo8p858 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ke3r858 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Marine Life\" alt=\"Marine Life\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\">\n                        Marine Life                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_nbsg858\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_88l1858 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/ocean-zones\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Ocean Zones\" alt=\"Ocean Zones\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/ocean-zones\/#\">\n                        Ocean Zones                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_f6wy858\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_psae858 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Near Shore - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Near Shore - YOU ARE HERE\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Near Shore - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_lwyk858 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_yt87858 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Beach\" alt=\"Beach\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\">\n                        Beach                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"o81o905\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_o81o905 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top gutter-none tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_e65d905 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_jqzg905 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_9ts6905   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 5<\/h3>\n<h5>This week&#8217;s overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_xycz905\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_tk8f905 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bugo905   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>Sampling<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_u5s3905 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_nx9r905 image-top circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_j7kx905   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Near Shore Objectives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":28257,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-28304","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"builder_content":"<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<h1>Near Shore<br\/>Kelp Forests<\/h1>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a3-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<h3><strong>Near Shore Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul> <li><strong>Describe kelp, including structure and classification.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Explain the relationship between kelp, sea urchins, and sea otters.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Define what a keystone species is and how a sea otter is an example.<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Screen-Shot-2019-11-16-at-8.17.01-PM.png\" width=\"710\" height=\"446\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In the previous section we took a general look at the photic zone of the open ocean.\u00a0 Now, we are closer to shore.<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">The <strong>near shore<\/strong> area is shallow and sunlit, but always under water, unlike the tidal zone.\u00a0 Coral reefs and kelp forests are typically near shore.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/kelp-see-thru-1024x684.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<p>Kelp and other \"seaweeds\" look like plants until you notice you can see right through their \"leaves\" and that they lack the structures we associate with plants.<\/p> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p>Kelp are eukaryotes, but they are classified in <em>Kingdom<\/em> _____ instead of <em>Kingdom Plantae.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Kelp can adhere to rocks with a \"holdfast\" structure, but these can be broken free by strong waves and we often see kelp washed up on our Oregon beaches after a storm.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/kelp-holdfast-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/otter-kelp-1024x322.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"322\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<p>Submerged kelp forests are located off many coastlines, including the coast of the Pacific Northwest.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-sketch-1024x344.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"344\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<p>Sea otters have a close association with kelp.\u00a0<\/p> <p>In recent centuries, sea otters were primarily seen as a source of pelt (skin &amp; fur) or a potential negative impact on human catches of shelled organisms.<\/p>\n<p>Prior to excessive hunting, sea otters lived in kelp forests off coasts of northern California, Oregon, and Washington.\u00a0 Now small numbers are found off Washington and more off the coast of British Columbia.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/otter-urchin-1024x317.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"317\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/otter-kelp-copy-1024x315.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"315\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<p>Sea otters ate sea urchins, and sea urchins are herbivores that can eat kelp.\u00a0 In areas without sea otters, the urchins can significantly overeat the kelp.<\/p>\n<p>The sea otter is an example of a keystone species.\u00a0 A <strong>keystone species<\/strong> has a disproportionately large impact on its community, even if it does not have a high biomass. Sea otters had a relatively low biomass, but a significant controlling impact on its food web.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/key-otter-1024x461.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"461\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<h5>The removal of the sea otters had unintended results that cascaded through near shore food webs.<\/h5> <h5>Kelp protect sea otters and their young, and indirectly the sea otters benefit the kelp.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='1024'%20height='658'%20viewBox=%270%200%201024%20658%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-1-1024x658.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"658\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><noscript><img data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-1-1024x658.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"658\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><\/noscript> <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='1024'%20height='710'%20viewBox=%270%200%201024%20710%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-b-1024x710.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"710\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><noscript><img data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-b-1024x710.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"710\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><\/noscript> <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='1024'%20height='683'%20viewBox=%270%200%201024%20683%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-c-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><noscript><img data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/sea-otter-c-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><\/noscript> <img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=%27http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg%27%20width='2000'%20height='1334'%20viewBox=%270%200%202000%201334%27%3E%3C\/svg%3E\" loading=\"lazy\" data-lazy=\"1\" data-tf-not-load=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" data-tf-src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1686502369.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><noscript><img data-tf-not-load data-no-script src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/shutterstock_1686502369.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"><\/noscript>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/key-c-1024x344.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"344\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<p>Examples of terrestrial keystone species that have large impacts on their communities are wolves who alter the behaviors of herds of deer and other prey; and beavers who can create an entirely new landscape and community.<\/p>\n<h5>In the next section we head to beach to examine organisms in the sand as well as those that wash ashore.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/a3-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\">\n<h5>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/h5>\n<ul> <li><strong>describe kelp, including structure and classification?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>explain the relationship between kelp, sea urchins, and sea otters?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>define what a keystone species is and how a sea otter is an example?<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/ocean-zones\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Ocean Zones Page<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go forward to the Beach Page<\/h5>\n<h3>Sampling Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>This guide and lecture material are assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Marine Life\" alt=\"Marine Life\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/marine-life\/#\"> Marine Life <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/ocean-zones\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Ocean Zones\" alt=\"Ocean Zones\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/ocean-zones\/#\"> Ocean Zones <\/a> <\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Near Shore - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Near Shore - YOU ARE HERE\"> <h3> Near Shore - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Beach\" alt=\"Beach\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/beach\/#\"> Beach <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 5<\/h3> <h5>This week's overview<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/interactions\/sampling\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>Sampling<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"5b3 Near Shore\" alt=\"5b3 Near Shore\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28304"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28687,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28304\/revisions\/28687"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}