{"id":29341,"date":"2025-11-06T03:06:56","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T03:06:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/?page_id=29341"},"modified":"2025-11-06T21:44:41","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T21:44:41","slug":"wetlands","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/wetlands\/","title":{"rendered":"7a4 Wetlands"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--themify_builder_content-->\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-29341\" data-postid=\"29341\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-29341 themify_builder tf_clear\">\n                    <div  data-css_id=\"0g0u596\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_0g0u596 tb_first tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_7vr9596 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_iteh596 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module fancy heading -->\n<div  class=\"module module-fancy-heading tb_i2fa596  tb_hide_divider\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <h1 class=\"fancy-heading tf_textc\">\n    <span class=\"main-head tf_block\">\n                    Wetlands            <\/span>\n\n    \n    <span class=\"sub-head tf_block tf_rel\">\n                    Part Aquatic; Part Terrestrial            <\/span>\n    <\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module fancy heading -->\n<!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_8wv6596 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"fzqx595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_fzqx595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_vzyd596 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_htlp596 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-11-01-at-11.26.01-PM.png\" width=\"907\" height=\"641\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_398i595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_6ymt596    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3><strong>Wetlands Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_mioe595    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>Provide examples of different types of wetlands.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Describe various wetland functions including why it is challenging to rebuild a wetland.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>List characteristics of amphibian species including frogs.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"1x0v595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_1x0v595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_mt2w595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_57tv595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Wetlands are terrestrial habitats that are sometimes wet and sometimes dry.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"50px,50px\" data-parallax-bg=\"desktop\" data-css_id=\"6cxw595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_6cxw595 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_3fz8595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ci1o595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_x385595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_lns6595 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_cyk8595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/house-wet-1024x684.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_1q9g595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_mdpl595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Wetlands can appear very different depending on the time of year.\u00a0 Identification is critical, particularly when deciding whether to develop land for human use.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Plant and soil specimens are used to recreate the characteristics of the habitat over time.\u00a0 There are dozens of different wetland types based on soil profiles.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"aelo595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_aelo595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_8xm8595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_j4ne595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h4>Here are a few examples of the many types of wetlands.<\/h4>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_gizt595\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_t7li595 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_tpns595 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/prairie-1024x659.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Wet Prairie\" alt=\"Grasses and wildflowers with few, if any, trees.  Wet prairies are found in the Willamette Valley of Oregon.\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Wet Prairie                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            Grasses and wildflowers with few, if any, trees.  Wet prairies are found in the Willamette Valley of Oregon.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_oxab595\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_2h6d595 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/marsh-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Marsh\" alt=\"Often coastal with an influx of salt water mixing with freshwater.  Can be large and are typically dominated by grasses.\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Marsh                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            Often coastal with an influx of salt water mixing with freshwater.  Can be large and are typically dominated by grasses.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_zj2f595\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_z5t7595 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swamp-1024x623.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Swamp\" alt=\"Can include tree species that survive water-logged soils.  Many are coastal.\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Swamp                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            Can include tree species that survive water-logged soils.  Many are coastal.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_8c6r595 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_x4ha595 image-center   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/bog-1024x695.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Bog\" alt=\"Can include peat moss and often are found in colder climates.  Source of cranberries.\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Bog                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            Can include peat moss and often are found in colder climates.  Source of cranberries.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_mo5j595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_nh4s595 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_bvad595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/shutterstock_765476779-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_0xvk595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_s06g595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Oregon has many types of wetlands.\u00a0 Some of the coastal marshes have been converted into cranberry fields.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_u1kx595 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_299c595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_emve595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <p><strong>Wetlands have high productivity that supports herbivores and carnivores like herons.<\/strong><\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_jhkd595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_cie2595 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_tnzt595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/food-chain-693x1024.jpg\" width=\"693\" height=\"1024\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_gaf7595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_rqki595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Wetlands have the three ingredients necessary for high productivity (photosynthesis): water, light, and nutrients.<\/h5>\n<h5>\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Producers are abundant and include the macroscopic submerged plants as well as microscopic algae and bacteria.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_lm12595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_0eia595 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_geac595 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/366651800?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_kbn3595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_g3bq595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Wetland plants are similar to the plants found along the shallow shores of lakes.<\/h5>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">This video was taken at the Oregon Gardens.<\/p>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_zqqw595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_7rgq595 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_r0cc595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/restoration-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_xoin595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ph25595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">The complexity of wetland food webs makes them challenging to manage or rebuild.\u00a0 Digging new holes that fill temporarily with water does not necessarily produce the soil profile necessary to support wetland producers and a diverse community.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-anchor=\"reservation\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_has_section tb_section-reservation tb_ttch595 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_tzyy595 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"015p595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_015p595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_lh9k595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_x17e595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Until recent decades, wetlands were often seen as useless land.\u00a0 The majority of wetlands around populated areas were filled in with dirt before their important functions became evident.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_4nar595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_42sb595 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_vkmi595 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/434947822?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ejec595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_fl87595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>This video lists a few of the many important wetland functions.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"fz12595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_fz12595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_z8s1595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_jefh595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Important Wetland Functions<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_z4ig595 image-left rounded  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/productive-1024x768.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Remove Carbon Dioxide from the Atmosphere\" alt=\"Photosynthetic organisms extract carbon dioxide from the air and water.  The abundance of producers in wetlands adds up to a significant impact on atmospheric gases that retain heat (&quot;greenhouse effect&quot;).\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Remove Carbon Dioxide from the Atmosphere                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            Photosynthetic organisms extract carbon dioxide from the air and water.  The abundance of producers in wetlands adds up to a significant impact on atmospheric gases that retain heat (&#8220;greenhouse effect&#8221;).        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_phj8595 image-left rounded  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/percolation-1-1024x768.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Recharge Groundwater\" alt=\"We extract water from the ground (&quot;well-water&quot;) to irrigate crops, support industry, and support remote residences.  New water percolates through the soil from the surface, and a disproportionately high amount of this groundwater recharge happens through wetland soils.\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Recharge Groundwater                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            We extract water from the ground (&#8220;well-water&#8221;) to irrigate crops, support industry, and support remote residences.  New water percolates through the soil from the surface, and a disproportionately high amount of this groundwater recharge happens through wetland soils.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_fhx0595 image-left rounded  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/flood-1024x693.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Control Flood Waters\" alt=\"Rivers are often bordered by wetlands.  During flood events, the wetlands can absorb much of the extra water.  When wetlands are removed around rivers, flooding extends further away from the river banks, causing more extensive damage.\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Control Flood Waters                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            Rivers are often bordered by wetlands.  During flood events, the wetlands can absorb much of the extra water.  When wetlands are removed around rivers, flooding extends further away from the river banks, causing more extensive damage.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_fmjq595 image-left rounded  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/pollution-1-1024x674.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Filter Pollutants\" alt=\"Wetlands filter pollutants from the rivers they surround.  Slower moving water in the wetland areas causes pollutants to settle into the soils.  Removal of wetlands around the Mississippi River has led to increased release of pollutants into the Gulf of Mexico.\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Filter Pollutants                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            Wetlands filter pollutants from the rivers they surround.  Slower moving water in the wetland areas causes pollutants to settle into the soils.  Removal of wetlands around the Mississippi River has led to increased release of pollutants into the Gulf of Mexico.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_lsvy595 image-left rounded  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/habitat-1024x668.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Habitat\" alt=\"The high productivity of wetlands makes them ideal habitats for supporting higher tropic (feeding) levels.  This includes migratory animals like ocean-going salmon, geese, and many other water birds.\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Habitat                            <\/h3>\n                        <div class=\"image-caption tb_text_wrap\">\n            The high productivity of wetlands makes them ideal habitats for supporting higher tropic (feeding) levels.  This includes migratory animals like ocean-going salmon, geese, and many other water birds.        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/image-caption -->\n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_soup595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_otrj595 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_6dwb595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wetland-boardwalk-1024x576.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_vyco595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_nxw3595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Recently wetlands have become destinations for outdoor excursions that highlight ecosystem diversity.\u00a0 Since rebuilding a complex wetland food web is incredibly difficult, working around wetlands is sometimes the solution.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_cayh595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_gzvt595 first\">\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_n9s6595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_d1ya595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_2ll1595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Amphibians<\/h2>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_coau595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_6u05595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ic2j595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">When you walk along a wetland path or on the boardwalk, you can often hear the &#8220;plunk&#8221; sound of frogs and newts jumping into the water.\u00a0 This video introduces the amphibians.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_gv3u595 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/313106502?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_nxax595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ypbe595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_bboi595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5 style=\"text-align: right;\">Frogs and toads are the most common amphibians, but their names can be misleading.<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: right;\">Terminology is often constructed for ease of communication, but misconceptions can result.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_p0e8595 last\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_0146595 video-top  \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/316352915?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0\" allow=\"fullscreen\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_sl20595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_v50l595 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_qio6595 video-top  video-autoplay\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/441140923?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0&#038;autoplay=1\" allow=\"fullscreen;autoplay\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_crhi595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_0vde595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>This summer we had over a dozen Pacific Tree Frogs in our garden.\u00a0 These native species can live in moist microhabitats.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_l3pf595 video-top  video-autoplay\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/441140683?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0&#038;autoplay=1\" allow=\"fullscreen;autoplay\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_bo3d595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-3 tb_3nva595 first\">\n                    <!-- module video -->\n<div  class=\"module module-video tb_os8m595 video-top  video-autoplay\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n                    <div class=\"video-wrap-outer\">\n            <div class=\"video-wrap tf_rel tf_overflow\">\n                                    <noscript><iframe data-no-script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/311594036?h=&#038;pip=1&#038;playsinline=1&#038;portrait=0&#038;title=0&#038;byline=0&#038;autoplay=1\" allow=\"fullscreen;autoplay\" class=\"tf_abs tf_w tf_h\"><\/iframe><\/noscript>\n                                <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap-outer -->\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-1 tb_ri2l595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_oklw595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Now that you have completed this section, list five characteristics of amphibians like this frog.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-desktop-padding=\"3px,3px\" data-css_id=\"l82h595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_l82h595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_plny595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ulbg595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>This is the end of the <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/#\">Long-Term Guide<\/a>.\u00a0 Material from this guide and corresponding lecture, along with the <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/habitat\/#\">Habitat Guide<\/a> is assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"sc56595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth_row_container tb_sc56595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ynzx595 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_mhcb595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-11-01-at-11.26.01-PM.png\" width=\"907\" height=\"641\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_ke2y595 last\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_f4b2595    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5><strong>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/strong><\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_1jn8595    wow\" data-tf-animation=\"fadeInUp\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <ul>\n<li><strong>provide examples of different types of wetlands?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>describe various wetland functions including why it is challenging to rebuild a wetland?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>list characteristics of amphibian species including frogs?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"yncp595\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_yncp595 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_middle gutter-none tb_col_count_2 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_r2e2595 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_n72p595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/lakes\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_y5z5595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Lakes Page<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 tb_pc6p595 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_29uq595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_sp8a595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h5>Go back to the Long-Term Guide Overview<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row tb_ribd595 tf_w\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top tb_col_count_1 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col-full tb_r7qq595 first\">\n                    <!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_oc3y595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Long-Term Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text --><!-- module divider -->\n<div  class=\"module tf_mw module-divider tb_imlt595 solid  divider-custom divider-center\" style=\"border-width: 3px;border-color: #3f8f76;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;max-width: 120px;\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n    <\/div>\n<!-- \/module divider -->\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_ja2a595   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h6>This guide and lecture material are assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_subrow themify_builder_sub_row tf_w col_align_top tb_col_count_4 tb_zyxk595\">\n                <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_7ygs595 first\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_gv8k595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/geologic-time\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Geologic Time\" alt=\"Geologic Time\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/geologic-time\/#\">\n                        Geologic Time                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_1y2u595\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_zp27595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/streams\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Streams\" alt=\"Streams\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/streams\/#\">\n                        Streams                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_vtdj595\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_uqi3595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/lakes\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Lakes\" alt=\"Lakes\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/lakes\/#\">\n                        Lakes                    <\/a>\n                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column sub_column col4-1 tb_tg2x595 last\">\n                    <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_4tzc595 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Wetlands - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Wetlands - YOU ARE HERE\">    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <div class=\"image-content\">\n                    <h3 class=\"image-title\">\n                                    Wetlands - YOU ARE HERE                            <\/h3>\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-content -->\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image -->        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                        <div  data-css_id=\"x5ix408\" data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_row themify_builder_row fullwidth tb_x5ix408 tf_w\">\n            <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <div class=\"row_inner col_align_top gutter-none tb_col_count_3 tf_box tf_rel\">\n                        <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_jh17408 first\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_vywc408 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_xfr0408   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Back to Module 7<\/h3>\n<h5>Change<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_01tp408\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_ke9r408 image-top   tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/#\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_zyyn408   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>This Guide<\/h3>\n<h5>Long-Term<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                    <div  data-lazy=\"1\" class=\"module_column tb-column col3-1 tb_oxbi408 last\">\n        <span  class=\"builder_row_cover tf_abs\" data-lazy=\"1\"><\/span>            <!-- module image -->\n<div  class=\"module module-image tb_c9gt408 image-top circle  tf_mw\" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div class=\"image-wrap tf_rel tf_mw\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\">\n                   <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">        <\/a>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n    \n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module image --><!-- module text -->\n<div  class=\"module module-text tb_gxts408   \" data-lazy=\"1\">\n        <div  class=\"tb_text_wrap\">\n        <h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3>\n<h5>Submit Products<\/h5>    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->        <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<!--\/themify_builder_content-->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Wetlands Objectives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":29250,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29341","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"builder_content":"<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<h1>Wetlands<br\/>Part Aquatic; Part Terrestrial<\/h1>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/gTe5G8KLc-1024x1024.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"1024\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-11-01-at-11.26.01-PM.png\" width=\"907\" height=\"641\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<h3><strong>Wetlands Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul> <li><strong>Provide examples of different types of wetlands.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>Describe various wetland functions including why it is challenging to rebuild a wetland.<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>List characteristics of amphibian species including frogs.<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Wetlands are terrestrial habitats that are sometimes wet and sometimes dry.<\/h5>\n\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/house-wet-1024x684.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Wetlands can appear very different depending on the time of year.\u00a0 Identification is critical, particularly when deciding whether to develop land for human use.<\/h5> <h5>\u00a0<\/h5> <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Plant and soil specimens are used to recreate the characteristics of the habitat over time.\u00a0 There are dozens of different wetland types based on soil profiles.<\/h5>\n<h4>Here are a few examples of the many types of wetlands.<\/h4>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/prairie-1024x659.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Wet Prairie\" alt=\"Grasses and wildflowers with few, if any, trees. Wet prairies are found in the Willamette Valley of Oregon.\"> <h3> Wet Prairie <\/h3> Grasses and wildflowers with few, if any, trees. Wet prairies are found in the Willamette Valley of Oregon.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/marsh-1024x683.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Marsh\" alt=\"Often coastal with an influx of salt water mixing with freshwater. Can be large and are typically dominated by grasses.\"> <h3> Marsh <\/h3> Often coastal with an influx of salt water mixing with freshwater. Can be large and are typically dominated by grasses.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/swamp-1024x623.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Swamp\" alt=\"Can include tree species that survive water-logged soils. Many are coastal.\"> <h3> Swamp <\/h3> Can include tree species that survive water-logged soils. Many are coastal.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/bog-1024x695.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" title=\"Bog\" alt=\"Can include peat moss and often are found in colder climates. Source of cranberries.\"> <h3> Bog <\/h3> Can include peat moss and often are found in colder climates. Source of cranberries.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/shutterstock_765476779-1.jpg\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Oregon has many types of wetlands.\u00a0 Some of the coastal marshes have been converted into cranberry fields.<\/h5>\n<p><strong>Wetlands have high productivity that supports herbivores and carnivores like herons.<\/strong><\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/food-chain-693x1024.jpg\" width=\"693\" height=\"1024\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Wetlands have the three ingredients necessary for high productivity (photosynthesis): water, light, and nutrients.<\/h5> <h5>\u00a0<\/h5> <h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Producers are abundant and include the macroscopic submerged plants as well as microscopic algae and bacteria.\u00a0\u00a0<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/366651800[\/embed]\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Wetland plants are similar to the plants found along the shallow shores of lakes.<\/h5> <p>\u00a0<\/p> <p style=\"text-align: left;\">This video was taken at the Oregon Gardens.<\/p>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/restoration-1024x682.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">The complexity of wetland food webs makes them challenging to manage or rebuild.\u00a0 Digging new holes that fill temporarily with water does not necessarily produce the soil profile necessary to support wetland producers and a diverse community.<\/h5>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">Until recent decades, wetlands were often seen as useless land.\u00a0 The majority of wetlands around populated areas were filled in with dirt before their important functions became evident.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/434947822[\/embed]\n<h5>This video lists a few of the many important wetland functions.<\/h5>\n<h3>Important Wetland Functions<\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/productive-1024x768.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Remove Carbon Dioxide from the Atmosphere\" alt=\"Photosynthetic organisms extract carbon dioxide from the air and water. The abundance of producers in wetlands adds up to a significant impact on atmospheric gases that retain heat (&quot;greenhouse effect&quot;).\"> <h3> Remove Carbon Dioxide from the Atmosphere <\/h3> Photosynthetic organisms extract carbon dioxide from the air and water. The abundance of producers in wetlands adds up to a significant impact on atmospheric gases that retain heat (\"greenhouse effect\").\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/percolation-1-1024x768.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Recharge Groundwater\" alt=\"We extract water from the ground (&quot;well-water&quot;) to irrigate crops, support industry, and support remote residences. New water percolates through the soil from the surface, and a disproportionately high amount of this groundwater recharge happens through wetland soils.\"> <h3> Recharge Groundwater <\/h3> We extract water from the ground (\"well-water\") to irrigate crops, support industry, and support remote residences. New water percolates through the soil from the surface, and a disproportionately high amount of this groundwater recharge happens through wetland soils.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/flood-1024x693.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Control Flood Waters\" alt=\"Rivers are often bordered by wetlands. During flood events, the wetlands can absorb much of the extra water. When wetlands are removed around rivers, flooding extends further away from the river banks, causing more extensive damage.\"> <h3> Control Flood Waters <\/h3> Rivers are often bordered by wetlands. During flood events, the wetlands can absorb much of the extra water. When wetlands are removed around rivers, flooding extends further away from the river banks, causing more extensive damage.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/pollution-1-1024x674.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Filter Pollutants\" alt=\"Wetlands filter pollutants from the rivers they surround. Slower moving water in the wetland areas causes pollutants to settle into the soils. Removal of wetlands around the Mississippi River has led to increased release of pollutants into the Gulf of Mexico.\"> <h3> Filter Pollutants <\/h3> Wetlands filter pollutants from the rivers they surround. Slower moving water in the wetland areas causes pollutants to settle into the soils. Removal of wetlands around the Mississippi River has led to increased release of pollutants into the Gulf of Mexico.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/habitat-1024x668.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Habitat\" alt=\"The high productivity of wetlands makes them ideal habitats for supporting higher tropic (feeding) levels. This includes migratory animals like ocean-going salmon, geese, and many other water birds.\"> <h3> Habitat <\/h3> The high productivity of wetlands makes them ideal habitats for supporting higher tropic (feeding) levels. This includes migratory animals like ocean-going salmon, geese, and many other water birds.\n<img src=\"http:\/\/naturejournals.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/wetland-boardwalk-1024x576.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">Recently wetlands have become destinations for outdoor excursions that highlight ecosystem diversity.\u00a0 Since rebuilding a complex wetland food web is incredibly difficult, working around wetlands is sometimes the solution.<\/h5>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Amphibians<\/h2>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center;\">When you walk along a wetland path or on the boardwalk, you can often hear the \"plunk\" sound of frogs and newts jumping into the water.\u00a0 This video introduces the amphibians.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/313106502[\/embed]\n<h5 style=\"text-align: right;\">Frogs and toads are the most common amphibians, but their names can be misleading.<\/h5> <h5 style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0<\/h5> <h5 style=\"text-align: right;\">Terminology is often constructed for ease of communication, but misconceptions can result.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/316352915[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/441140923[\/embed]\n<h5>This summer we had over a dozen Pacific Tree Frogs in our garden.\u00a0 These native species can live in moist microhabitats.<\/h5>\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/441140683[\/embed]\n[embed]https:\/\/vimeo.com\/311594036[\/embed]\n<h5>Now that you have completed this section, list five characteristics of amphibians like this frog.<\/h5>\n<h5>This is the end of the <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/#\">Long-Term Guide<\/a>.\u00a0 Material from this guide and corresponding lecture, along with the <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/habitat\/#\">Habitat Guide<\/a> is assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h5>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/biotas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-11-01-at-11.26.01-PM.png\" width=\"907\" height=\"641\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\">\n<h5><strong>Check your knowledge.\u00a0 Can you:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul> <li><strong>provide examples of different types of wetlands?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>describe various wetland functions including why it is challenging to rebuild a wetland?<\/strong><\/li> <li><strong>list characteristics of amphibian species including frogs?<\/strong><\/li> <\/ul>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/lakes\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Lakes Page<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\"> <\/a>\n<h5>Go back to the Long-Term Guide Overview<\/h5>\n<h3>Long-Term Lecture Guide Contents<\/h3>\n\n<h6>This guide and lecture material are assessed on the weekly quiz.<\/h6>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/geologic-time\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-1-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Geologic Time\" alt=\"Geologic Time\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/geologic-time\/#\"> Geologic Time <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/streams\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-2-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Streams\" alt=\"Streams\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/streams\/#\"> Streams <\/a> <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/lakes\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-3-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Lakes\" alt=\"Lakes\"> <\/a> <h3> <a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/lakes\/#\"> Lakes <\/a> <\/h3>\n<img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Number-4-orange-square.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" title=\"Wetlands - YOU ARE HERE\" alt=\"Wetlands - YOU ARE HERE\"> <h3> Wetlands - YOU ARE HERE <\/h3>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Module-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Back to Module 7<\/h3> <h5>Change<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/campus-envirobio\/change\/long-term\/#\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/humanbio.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Guide-Icon.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"1000\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\"> <\/a>\n<h3>This Guide<\/h3> <h5>Long-Term<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/oregonstate.instructure.com\"> <img src=\"http:\/\/vividscience.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Screen-Shot-2018-10-14-at-10.32.37-PM-3.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"368\" title=\"7a4 Wetlands\" alt=\"7a4 Wetlands\"> <\/a>\n<h3>Direct Link to Canvas<\/h3> <h5>Submit Products<\/h5>","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29341"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29519,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29341\/revisions\/29519"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vividscience.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}